Search Results

Based on a fieldwork conducted between 2002 and 2006 in Agadir (Morocco), this article elaborates upon the following question : how can it be that a call for tradition accompanies social change? In the 2000, female entrepreneurship became socially visible being referred to both feminine and traditional values. Some said that it was an answer to a so-called « cultural crisis », illustrated with different resigning men figures, but it is not so simple. In fact, relations to labour and norms of female entrepreneurs depend on their positions on the social hierarchy. I show in this article, based on an intersectional approach of the female entrepreneurship, that the reference to tradition can be fuel for social change.

Keywords: intersectionnalité, rhétorique traditionaliste, changement social, entrepreneuriat féminin, Maroc

The present contribution focuses on the trajectory of Khookha, a Tunisian techa, who represents a figure of the margin because of his sexual orientation and gender expression. Based on a corpus of three interviews, Khookha's life story informs on a trajectory marked by fluidity in self-definition and the diversity of his positionings, first as a gay man with a feminine gender expression, then as a woman who does not conform to the socially valued model of femininity. Despite the various forms of discrimination Khookha experiences, both in the family environment and in the social space, a sensitivity to issues of feminism and gender inequality develops her agency, which aims to deconstruct gender norms and the model of valued femininity.

Keywords: Lachheb, genre, diversité sexuelle, non binaire, homosexualité, trans, Tunisie, Lachheb, gender, sexual diversity, non-binary, homosexuality, trans, Tunisia, Lachheb, género, diversidad sexual, no binario, homosexualidad, trans, Túnez

The foggara, an underground irrigation system, is a fundamental feature of the mental and spiritual worlds of the population of the Saharan Adrar region and a keystone of their social organization. Irrigation by foggaras is no longer providing adequate water, due to the fact that the flow of foggaras has been slowly decreasing and to a lack of maintenance and a certain degree of neglect by farmers. In 1983, a new instrument was adopted as part of the Access to Agricultural Land Ownership (APFA) framework of agricultural development. Major subsidies were allocated to agricultural promoters to modernize agriculture. However, the loss of traditional knowledge in the field of hydraulic management has disrupted the oasis ecosystem. In this study, we will try to understand how we can best define the current dynamics of relations between society and the environment in the Adrar oases and the risks they pose for the future of these particular areas.

Keywords: Sahara, Adrar, continental intercalaire, foggara, forage, motopompe, irrigation, mise en valeur, APFA, PNDA, État, Sahara, Adrar, continental intercalary, foggara, drilling, motor pumps, irrigation, development, APFA, PNDA, State, Sahara, Adrar, continental intercalar, foggara, perforación, motobomba, irrigación, valorización, APFA, PNDA, Estado

This article shows that the model of management chosen by a company has an impact on the identity strategies of its employees. French-speaking western contractors ask to the employees of four offshore call centers in Tunisia to pretend they are French even if they are Tunisians in reality. These employees develop identity strategies to manage the strong tension between this compulsory identity and their personal identity. By using a four models of management frame, this article shows that the identity strategies of the employees vary according to the model of management chosen by their company.

Keywords: stratégies identitaires, modèles de management, centre d'appels offshore, Tunisie, études de cas, identity strategies, models of management, call center offshore, Tunisia, case studies, estrategias identitarias, modelos de gestión, centro de llamadas offshore, Túnez, estudios de caso

This article examines regional differences based on students' participation, sociodemographic profiles, behaviors and learning outcomes. To do this, students were followed in a course offered by “École des hautes études commerciales” (HEC) of Montreal in their MOOC initiative called EDUlib. The analysis was performed using the platform traces (accessed resources, number of visits, activities in the environment) and responses to self-report questionnaire. Regionals differences were observed, which seem related to the country's development index. The results suggest some difficulty in reaching these students, despite the fact that participants who register in order to promote their development seem to struggle to pass the course.

Keywords: formation à distance, MOOC, francophonie, engagement, distance learning, MOOC, francophonie

The general aim of this article is to analyze the conditions for participating in the construction of a francophone Quebec identity based on narratives of immigrants from the Maghreb. My discursive analysis of a body of interviews on the development and realization of the migration project in Quebec reveals a dissonance between the political objectives of francophone immigration and the experiences of individuals. For example, pre-migratory representations of Quebec, constructed by a set of discourses promoting immigration, are called into question when immigrants' idealized image of the mobility experience is confronted with the difficulties of their socio-professional integration in Quebec. At the same time, francophone identity can hardly be conceived of as a composite identity. Moreover, the social legitimacy of varieties of French from different francophone areas has yet to be confirmed. In conclusion, the participation of plurilingual francophones from the Maghreb, as all francophones from the French peripheries, in the linguistic identity of Quebec is conditioned by the inclusive character of a “français d'ici” (French from here), understood as a “français d'ici comprenant des français d'ailleurs,” in other words, a French that reflects Quebec society, which is intrinsically heterogeneous and changing.

Keywords: immigration, Québec, Maghreb, variation, francophonie, plurilinguisme, légitimité, immigration, Quebec, Maghreb, variation, francophonie, plurilingualism, legitimacy