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This article examines the relationship between pilgrimage and social dynamics in the village of Sidi Ali. The results show that, from the 1980s onwards, the pious visit (ziara) initiated a significant economic and social dynamic in this small village nestled on the Zerhoun mountain. The marked increase in the number of pilgrims since this period is attributed to the reputation of the Elhamdouchia brotherhood and the arrival of new residents, notably merchants and seers. This change transformed the villagers' economic activity, prompting them to abandon agriculture in favor of trade in the sacred domain. This transition also facilitated social mobility among the inhabitants. However, fortune-telling and homosexuality had a negative impact on the perception of the village. The findings of this study are based on an ethnographic approach using observation and semi-structured interviews.

Keywords: le pèlerinage, la, la dynamique sociale, la voyance, Sidi Ali, Maroc, pilgrimage, baraka, social dynamics, clairvoyance, Sidi Ali, Morocco

Afin de protéger son territoire de l’immigration clandestine, l'Union Européenne (UE) pratique une «militarisation des frontières». Depuis les années 1990, les États membres de l'UE ont étendu leur coopération en matière de la migration internationale au-delà de leurs territoires, à savoir, leurs territoires nationaux et du fait, celui de l’UE, ouvrant cette coopération envers des États africains et du Moyen-Orient, notamment les pays du Maghreb qui ont plusieurs accès maritimes et terrestres à l’UE. La région du Maghreb serait ainsi devenue une région de transit pour les migrants cherchant à se rendre dans l'UE. Les pays de transit, qui font l’objet de cette recherche, sont désormais des acteurs-clés dans la prévention et le confinement des migrants clandestins vers l'UE. Pour comprendre les raisons et les …

AbstractThis study presents an analysis of housing conditions of immigrant households in Montréal. Using the 2001 census data, its aim is to show the potential effects or consequences of urban factors on housing conditions. Theoretically, interpretation of housing conditions for immigrant households is provided by an historical analysis of metropolis dynamics and a neo-Weberian or institutional framework (Rex and Moore, 1967). This interpretation breaks off with dominant explanations in Canadian urban research, which see in cultural differences the cause of the gap observed between ethnic groups in terms of housing conditions. Empirically, access to homeownership and housing affordability are estimated by means of multilevel models combining individual and contextual factors in the same analysis. Results corroborate the merit of this methodological choice and open the way to other investigations on the effects of metropolitan dynamics on individual outcomes.

Tunisia set up devices to encourage the use of solar energy. These initiatives inscribe themselves in a global dynamic of sustainable development promotion, and contribute to improve the energy self sufficiency. This governmental policy supports household solar energy consumption, particularly solar water heaters, and solar panels. The analysis of the dissemination of solar home systems in urban practices is allowed by cartography of solar equipment sales within the “Grand Tunis” and by three field surveys among companies of the sector and Tunisians households.

Keywords: Énergie solaire, politiques publiques, pratiques urbaines, entrepreneuriat, Tunisie, Solar energy, public policies, urban practices, entrepreneurship, Tunisia

AbstractThe Presence and Eclipse of Leo Africanus's Description of Africa Through its Translations — This article takes an historical perspective and attempts to describe the exceptional destiny of a canonic work written in Arabic in the first quarter of the Renaissance, and later translated into Latin and several other European languages, including French in 1956, a translation which was reedited in 1981. The evolution of these translations is studied both synchronically and diachronically, with particular emphasis on the effects of the Description's penetration into European societies. An interpretation of the paratextual materials demonstrates the epistemological configurations, the generic shifts and various forms of coding — military, academic, diplomatic, ecclesiastical and literary — the work has undergone and which have contributed to preventing the encounter the author desired between the Orient and the West.

AbstractThis article deals with the process of identity transmission in situations of culturally mixed unions. As children of such unions question their belonging and identity, what choices do parents make for transmitting identity? Looking at franco-maghrebi couples living in the suburbs of Paris, we will expose the various questions and occasional conflicts that arise from their filiation. Marital and familial negotiations about identity transmission throw back upon the parents the “illegitimate” position in which they find themselves. We will explain how and why the term of “marital illegitimacy” may be used to describe these couples. We will then explore various examples of transmission choices in which the “illegitimate” situation of the couple notably transpires.

Keywords: Couple mixte, transmission, illégitimité, enfants, identité, France, Cross-cultural union, transmission, illegitimacy, children, identity, France

AbstractFrench geography underwent a paradigm shift from 1960 to 1980. How did the State thesis contribute to this process? Today, it is mainly considered as having been a barrier to innovation. However, the opposite viewpoint – that the thesis could actually stimulate innovation – deserves consideration. The State thesis is currently undervalued by the university community, and the negative images associated with it block a clear perception of its role. Within a particular genre and writing style, and with its associated environment, the State thesis was very innovative. Here the concept of underdevelopment is used to try to understand the processes and rhythms of innovation in the State thesis.

Keywords: Épistémologie, sociologie des sciences, thèse d'État, innovation, sous-développement, Epistemology, sociology of science, thesis, innovation, underdevelopment