Search Results

The contributions of the social economy, general cooperation and specific co-operation among co-operatives have been significant aspects of the development on the islands of Lamèque-Miscou since 1930 and 1940. This study presents the importance of co-operation among fisheries, consumers and financial services co-operatives in developing other collective enterprises or associations. This research has collected information through Annual Reports, semi-directed interviews and focus groups. We show that the mobilization of co-operatives in partnership with municipalities and governmental agencies has provided monetary and human investments in a wide spectrum of sectors: housing, arts and culture, leisure, renewable energy and environment protection initiatives. This accomplishment demonstrates the resilience of social economy, co-operatives and social enterprises and their remarkable contribution to territorial development.

Keywords: Économie sociale, coopératives, intercoopération, Lamèque-Miscou, développement local, développement territorial, innovation, Social economy, co-operatives, co-operation among co-operatives, Lamèque-Miscou, local development, territorial development, innovation

The Mouvement des caisses populaires acadiennes will celebrate its 75th anniversary in 2011. During its history, the organization has evolved to encompass a current membership of close to 200,000, accumulated assets worth 2.5 billion dollars and an organizational structure set up to support the Caisses' services. Forever changing, the concept of vitality helps communities in minority situations to achieve a greater understanding of what they need to survive and thrive in distinct and active ways. Analyzing an organization's contribution to vitality is a seldom-used research approach. The analysis results emphasize that the Mouvement contributes to the vitality of New Brunswick's Francophone and Acadian communities by its results, assets, cooperative values and socio-economic implication.

Keywords: communauté en milieu minoritaire, complétude institutionnelle, contribution à la vitalité, coopérative, Mouvement des caisses populaires acadiennes, vitalité, commununities in minority situation, contribution to vitality, cooperatives, institutional completeness, Mouvement des caisses populaires acadiennes, vitality

The relationship between the entrepreneur and the investor is often viewed from a conflictual angle based on information asymmetry and on potential stakeholder opportunism. However, venture capital financing includes mixed relationships between venture capitalists and entrepreneurs. In this relationship, venture capitalists seek to orient the funded projects towards prospects of success while securing their investment funds through the negotiation of a set of legal agreements. On the other hand, the entrepreneurs strive to have some leeway to manoeuver while maintaining a certain degree of confidentiality. Our research question concerns the various governance mechanisms that surround the venture capitalist-entrepreneur relationship. Our theoretical framework is based on a double theoretical reading grid, by analyzing this relationship according to the two legal-financial and cognitive approaches of governance. Our results show that venture capitalists not only have a financial impact, but also organizational and cognitive impacts that can govern the internal organization of the venture capital-backed firm. The mode of governance employed can be influenced largely by the individual, organizational, institutional and economic characteristics of the venture capitalists. On the other hand, the managers of venture capital-backed firms may behave in ways that go beyond traditional opportunism, in which they conceal their personal interests, to generate cognitive resources and contribute to value creation.

Keywords: Governance, Gouvernance, venture-capital, capital-risque, cognitive approach, approche cognitive, legal-financial approach, approche juridico-financière, entrepreneurial finance, finance entrepreneuriale

Listening to spatialized sound by electronic means was one of the new experiences that awaited listeners in the years following the Second World War. As far as new forms of audiotechnical listening in France goes, one of the stereophonic listening situations that had the greatest impact on audiences was son et lumière, the first of which was presented at the Chambord château in 1952 with music composed by Maurice Jarre. The soundtrack of this show was the diffused via a novel stereophonic setup. These son et lumière shows initiated many listeners to new forms of directional listening a skill that would then be called upon by a generation of avant-garde composers. This article explores the musical dimension of these son et lumière presentations in order to evaluate their impact on the development of new generalized forms of listening that conquer space through stereophony.

Keywords: son et lumière, Maurice Jarre, spatialisation, stéréophonie, musique concrète, son et lumière, Maurice Jarre, spatialization, stereophony, musique concrète

There are many forms of abuse in the workplace. These include incivility, discrimination, harassment (in general), sexual harassment, bullying, physical assault, abusive leadership, and an organizational climate that tolerates abuse. Based on the actions involved, some forms of abuse are classified as low (e.g., incivility), moderate (e.g., bullying), or high (e.g., physical assault) intensity. The purpose of this literature review is to determine whether these different forms of abuse have impacts that differ in magnitude with respect to the health of workers who experience them. A review of quantitative review studies that examined each of these forms of abuse was conducted. Twelve meta-analyses were identified. The comparative analysis of the effects and their confidence intervals shows that, in general, the different forms of abuse do not differ in terms of the observed links on psychological health (e.g. exhaustion, depression, stress, well-being, positive and negative emotions) and physical health (e.g. physical tension, sleep problems). The few differences identified invalidate the hypothesis that the presumed intensity of the forms of abuse is associated with the size of the observed effects. From a practical point of view, organizations and managers should therefore pay attention to each of these forms of abuse, which all seem to be detrimental to workers. From a scientific point of view, the analysis carried out is original insofar as it has made it possible to bring together synthesis works on eight forms of abuse, from distinct literatures and which had never been compared to our knowledge.

Keywords: Abus au travail, Workplace abuse, Santé psychologique, Psychological health, Santé physique, Physical health, Revue de littérature, Literature review, Méta-analyses, Meta-analyses

With this paper, we present an autoethnographic analysis of one traditionally trained teacher’s experience working in an urban charter school with predominantly TFA-trained colleagues. To begin, we provide a review of literature that highlights the research landscape’s hyper-focus on the experiences of TFA CMs, after which we describe the theoretical work that has informed this study, most notably Thomas (2018), who uses sociocultural policy studies to describe how TFA CMs embodied controversial education policies. We then outline our methodology, which we label autoethnographic counternarrative, and present our findings/analysis, focusing on the following thematic elements: 1) Just being a teacher and 2) Psychology of novice teachers. To conclude, we discuss various implications of this work for teacher education, as well as the teaching profession at large, paying particular attention to the ways in which neoliberal education reforms, including TFA, effectively incentivize the individualization of teaching (and learning).

Keywords: Teach for America, autoethnography, traditionally trained, sociocultural policy, counternarrative, psychology, reform, teacher

This paper presents an analysis of 88 criminal convictions that have since been quashed on the basis of error of fact (wrongful convictions) that have occurred in England and Wales since 2007, in the context of wider set of 389 wrongful convictions that have occurred in England and Wales since 1970. Based on this analysis, three key contributors of concern are identified as having been influential in leading to wrongful convictions recently - digital evidence, guilty pleas, and misleading testimony. Cases involving each of these factors are discussed, including cases from the Post Office Scandal, which make up many of the identified wrongful convictions during this period. In considering each factor, failings in the criminal justice system that leave defendants vulnerable to wrongful conviction are discussed. The paper concludes with brief initial suggestions for reform to provide greater protection against highlighted vulnerabilities.

Keywords: Wrongful conviction, Guilty pleas, Testimony, Appeals, Digital Evidence, Criminal Evidence, Criminal Procedure

In this article, we interrogate the representation and construction of public park space in a settler colonial city: Toronto/Tkaronto. First, we draw on the relationship between urban neoliberalism and prudentialism to demonstrate the way public health authorities in Toronto/Tkaronto promoted a neoliberal ideology of prudentialism that emphasized individual action (e.g., social distancing, personal hygiene, sheltering in place) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, we consider the extent to which this response congealed and combined with broader anxieties that were used to manage more than the virus. We focus specifically on the way these anxieties took hold in public park space, and in particular the response to encampment communities. We theorize prudentialism, as an instrument of the white settler state, to interrogate the twin processes of organized abandonment and organized violence (Gilmore 2022), which were made visible in the treatment of unhoused people amidst the pandemic in an affluent and seemingly progressive city in a nation now known as Canada. Recognizing that COVID-19 has afflicted global cities marred by real estate speculation and the continual reliance on the commodification of Indigenous Land, which has made homelessness and urban displacement a lived condition for some, we argue that public health crises result not from—and thereby cannot be solved by—prudential responsibilization, but from the willful ignorance of the neoliberal, capitalist white settler [real estate] state (Stein 2019).

Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, prudentialism, park space, encampment, homelessness

Many authors have documented the increasing diversification and gentrification in central city neighbourhoods. In the last few decades Montreal’s, Hochelaga-Maisonneuve is among those with the highest rates of gentrification, creating new social dynamics and often generating socio-territorial conflicts. What is the significance of social changes for the population of Hochelaga-Maisonneuve? What role does recent immigration play in the mitigation or development of social conflict? In this paper we present the results of the analysis of 1,420 articles taken from the six principal daily newspapers published in Montreal. In our target neighbourhood, it would appear that a higher socio-economic status of newcomers is more disruptive than their ethno-cultural background because it is associated with a change in the way people live, shop and interact in public space. The data also reveal disruptive effects on the availability of affordable housing, a feature that means increasing displacement of lower income populations.

ABSTRACTDuring the past decade, banks began a re-engineering of their administrative processes, which are being redefined on the basis of customer relations. For employees, the re-engineering is producing a radical restructuring of the organization and is changing the very nature of work. In the case of the Caisses populaires Desjardins in Quebec, the organization of work is now characterized by increased autonomy, versatility and flexibility, and new skills. The quality of the services offered is greater, and consulting activities are increasing, but the objective of providing the most universal access possible to all sectors of the population now seems to be compromised.