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British legislation on charities is much older than the French 1901 law on nonprofits. British charities are restricted to a narrower range of areas than French nonprofits. They also do not have the same tax incentives for making donations. The British give much more than the French, and there are more donors in the UK. Income is also concentrated in fewer organizations in the UK than in France. In both countries, however, there is enormous competition for funding mainly due to the growing size of organizations, the appearance of new organizations in the sector, and cuts or freezes in public funding. A great variety of fundraising techniques tapping into an ever-widening public is available, and new ways are constantly being devised. In order to satisfy their donors, British charities and French nonprofits have to communicate with the public in concrete terms.

This paper develops a management perspective and sets out to throw into relief some difficulties inherent in the implementation of the concept of sustainable development. It aims to highlight certain aspects of the problems facing local authorities, on the basis of the analysis of a project bearing on the protection of watercourses and the promotion of fishing tourism in Normandy (France). This research demonstrates that equilibrium between the protection of natural milieus and economic development is dependent on the capacity of public and private stakeholders to establish appropriate methods of governance. The issues of the forms of organisation to be devised, and how they develop over time, are at the heart of the matter.

Keywords: développement durable, ressources naturelles, parties prenantes, gouvernance, liens sociaux, tourisme, sustainable development, natural resources, stakeholders, governance, social links, tourism

Cette recherche a pour principal objectif dans un premier temps, l’identification de profils distincts d’entreprises (au niveau des capacités et des orientations stratégiques dont les niveaux de performance varient et dans un deuxième temps, une meilleure compréhension ces divers profils afin d’aider les gestionnaires à mieux gérer les destinées des PME manufacturières québécoises. Elle met surtout l’accent sur une meilleure compréhension des dimensions marketing et technologique et de la façon dont elles interagissent entres elles dans l’établissement de ces mêmes profils. Pour vérifier l’existence de tels profils, nous avons étudié conjointement les capacités distinctives en marketing et en technologie, les capacités en gestion de l’interface entre les fonctions marketing et R&D, les capacités en comportement entrepreneurial et les orientations des stratégies marketing et technologique que …

Au cours de ces dernières années, le marketing d'influence a gagné une notoriété incommensurable suite à son exploitation massive par les différentes marques. Subséquemment, la popularité des influenceurs a connu une progression inédite leur permettant de se propager dans divers secteurs et industries dont celui du tourisme et de l'hôtellerie. À cet effet, nombreux sont les chercheurs qui ont tenté d'élucider comment les influenceurs affectent les consommateurs. C'est dans ce sens que cette étude, à son tour, vise à examiner les différents enjeux qui entourent l'application du marketing d'influence dans le secteur touristique, le but étant d'explorer les différents facteurs d'impact sur la force de persuasion des influenceurs dans ce secteur. À cette fin, une revue systématique de littérature a été menée afin de fournir …

The paper presents a framework for the researches on EDI performance in the SME development process. Confronting to the Inter-Organizational System implementation constraints which affect the SME's networks; to the lack of exploratory research and to the weakness of the SME's EDI network model, we are formulating an analysis corresponding to this technology development in an electronic link, or in an electronic market area.This analysis contributes to found a conceptual frame to analyze the EDI adoption process and the organizational change. It is also aimed to justify an EDI performance matrix. The conceptual frame is in favour of an informational integration strategy, consistent with the activities areas and the technological choices. Benefits and Advantages for the SME are induced by this EDI network strategy. Performance diagnosis matrix justifies the IOS Model choice. Benefits and Advantages for the SME are relatively assessed to the concerned management level.

Keywords: Intégration électronique (IE), Système d'information interorganisationnel (SIIO), Échange de données informatique (EDI), Stratégie d'alignement, Réseau d'entreprises

AbstractNature sports and the socio-economic activity which they generate are important considerations for the nature locations that are being promoted for tourism activities. These include sports resorts, recreational centres and various tourist circuits which have sometimes been enhanced by the creation of regional parks. How are the management and re-structuring of these areas viewed? Is development by players in the nature tourism field limited to traditional management or is it based on divergent or even opposing cultural models and ethics? Using theoretical and empirical approaches, this article aims to demonstrate that the functioning of tourist resorts combines a number of management models and logic for action that are specific to the different categories of players.

The strengthening of subsidiaries' role in Multinational Corporations' (MNC) innovation strategy has been underlined. Based on an extension of the analytical framework developed by Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989) and a case study of a representative MNC, we suggest four differentiated ideal types of subsidiary contributions and the type of innovation they are more prone to develop. Besides “historic big” and “implementer” we highlight two specific contributions of “accelerators” and “high potential” subsidiaries that leverage their capabilities and environment leading to innovation potentially deployed afterwards among the subsidiaries.

Keywords: Firme multinationale, filiale, innovation, stratégie internationale, étude de cas, déploiement, Multinational Corporation (MNC), subsidiary, innovation, international strategy, case study, deployment, Empresa multinacional, filiales, innovación, estrategia internacional, estudio de caso, despliegue

Keywords: Stades, football, métropole, centralité, aménagement