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A large segment of those individuals and groups involved in social activism is composed of rooted cosmopolitans. Following technological changes, economic integration and cultural networks this phenomenon is most apparent in transnational activism, which is the mobilisation of young activists for actions outside their own country. Starting from a relational rather than discursive definition of cosmopolitanism, several versions of the rooted cosmopolitan, corresponding to particular types of transnational activism, are described.

Based on a questionnaire submitted at the very beginning of initial training, the study aims to identify how future secondary school teachers perceive the links between assessment and learning. The study also looks at different functions of assessment, at different kinds of formative assessment that future teachers encounter during their schooling and at the way they can image different evaluation procedures. When the results coming from Likert-type questionnaires show that participants sustain an enlarged vision of formative assessment, open questions show indeed a narrower view of assessment in which regulation is poorly represented and where students are few involved. Their experiences as students seem limited and they encounter difficulties to imagine how to fully integrate assessment in learning situations.

Keywords: évaluation formative, évaluation certificative, évaluation normative, conceptions des futurs enseignants, vécu en tant qu'apprenant, formative assessment, assessment for certification, normative assessment, conceptions of future teachers, experience as a learner, avaliação formativa, avaliação certificativa, avaliação normativa, conceções dos futuros professores, experiência como aprendente

If Business Model (BM) concept has still lots of detractors, its merit is to place economic and financial value creation at the heart of the company performance issue. Nevertheless, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) requirement needs to extend the idea of value creation for shareholders to value creation for stakeholders as a whole and to include elements of social and environmental performance. The contribution of companies to territorial development and to preservation of employ is part of this trend. Lots of firms now make the choice to produce locally even though it has a negative impact on their cost competitiveness. Far from being minor, this choice is questioning the classical BM because it adds a social dimension to the value creation concept. Moreover, it implies a redefinition of value added chain and network organization of the company. That is what the author of this article wants to demonstrate in his research based on interviews of several managing directors of companies whose products are certified “Origine France Garantie” (OFG).

Keywords: Business Model, modèle RCOV, création de valeur, RSE, chaîne de valeur, réseau de valeur, Label Origine France Garantie, Business Model, RCOV Model, value creation, CSR, value added chain, value creation network, Origine France Garantie Label, Business Model, RCOV Model, Creación de valor, Responsabilidad Social de la Empresa (RSE), Cadena de creación de valor, Red de creación de valor, Etiqueta “Origen Francia Garantizada”

Expressions of anti-Semitism in Le Devoir have been a key issue in Canadian Jewish historiography. For more than 30 years, the topic has been passionately debated, at times evoking contradictory statements that usually attract significant media attention. This article approaches the question somewhat differently. It undertakes a systematic analysis of all editorials published in the newspaper over a 50-year period, from the foundation of Le Devoir in 1910 to the nomination of Claude Ryan as director in 1963. A careful reading of close to 16,000 editorials reveals that Jews and Judaism did not, in fact, attract much attention in the pages of Le Devoir. Essentially, the newspaper's editorialists only showed a significant interest in the subject between 1933 and 1939, in the context of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Europe. Granted, a mistrust of Jews continued to be expressed in Le Devoir until the mid-1940s, but the most explicit examples were published during the Great Depression of the 1930s. In this article, I attempt to understand why Le Devoir expressed such reticence to the Jewish presence in Quebec, an attitude that was rooted in the teachings of the pre-Vatican II Church.

Between poetry, novel and literary essay, Nathalie Quintane's Tomates is uncategorizable. The author substitutes a flexible and original definition of the genres to traditional generic typologies, which allows her writing to be free from the constraints normally associated with these genres. This generic and formal experimentation is coupled with a complex reflection on the survival of fascism and its manifestations in everyday life, a reflection that goes beyond the original naivety of the work. The fluid, hybrid literary form of the text therefore appears as the (artistic) answer to Quintane's (political) problem : How to resist the constraints imposed by the State to limit the rights of the dominated social classes on the one hand, and to the formal, linguistic, and stylistic constraints weighing on the artist on the other hand ?

What is the changing nature of Francophone community spaces in light of recent policies emphasizing Francophone immigration? We present two arguments based on a comparative case study of London and Ottawa in Ontario. First, we highlight that the maintenance and vitality of these spaces appear to be at risk given the precarious situation they currently face; and second, we advance the notion that these spaces are becoming increasingly plural. Our discussion focuses on three main themes: the role of these spaces and the opportunities they can provide, issues of community invisibility, and the challenges of maintaining these community spaces.

This article deals with the capacity of Acadie, New Brunswick as a host society providing for the economic integration of international Francophone students, who are considered the best prospective immigrants in this Francophone minority community and are granted permanent residency through a streamlined process. Nevertheless, they are confronted with the institutional incompleteness of their host society with respect to immigration, the dimensions of which are linguistic, geographic, and broadly societal. This translates into difficulties in the economic and social integration of this category of immigrants and the difficult immergence of a sense of belonging to Acadian New Brunswick. It should be noted, however, that these international students find employment opportunities in a structural niche of jobs deserted by local residents and in a conjunctural niche, which has emerged from the deliberate policy of diversity valorization and successful testing of the first international employees.

Keywords: Étudiants internationaux, Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick, incomplétude institutionnelle, niche d'emplois, intégration économique, International students, Acadia of New Brunswick, institutional incompleteness, niche of jobs, economic integration

Drawing upon the entrepreneurial spirals concept, this article examines how managerial practices influence entrepreneurial intent in traditional academic activities. The international inquiry analyses innovative teaching into six business schools in France, Canada and Morocco. At the complex interplay between individual goals and organizational objectives, three entrepreneurial loops are identified: converging, diverging and absence of loop. Findings suggest that university management remains a challenge as an appropriate balanced management is required for the changing university's mission towards social and economic well-being. The conditions of successful academic entrepreneurial activities are outlined across three propositions.

Keywords: Academic entrepreneurship, educational innovations, entrepreneurial management, entrepreneurial loop, intrapreneurship, Entrepreneuriat académique, innovation en éducation, management entrepreneurial, spirale entrepreneuriale, intrapreneuriat, Emprendimiento académico, innovación en educación, gestión empresarial, espiral empresarial, intraemprendimiento