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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

By exploring the different representations of home of foreign-born partners in mixed couples residing in Morocco, this article aims to enrich the reflection on contemporary identity by countering migrant and nomad metaphors through the that of «home». This metaphor, which corresponds more closely to the process of identity construction among the interviewees, contributes to an epistemological rupture by introducing the idea of attachment and continuity within the trajectories of mobility and mixedness. I will demonstrate that, for these individuals, the construction of self-identity does not entail being uprooted, as is often depicted in postmodern metaphors but instead refers to mobile and plural bonds of attachment. I will also show that the multiplicity and fluidity of these representations of home allow these migrants in mixed couples to maintain a sense of continuity despite their mobile trajectories.

Keywords: Mixité, identité, chez-soi, migration, Maroc, Mixedness, identity, home, migration, Morocco

On the basis of the international recognition of social protection and the constitutionality of this principle, the State undertakes to implement it in order to ensure the comprehensiveness of social protection and its compulsory development. It also plans to include AMO beneficiaries and remove them from the Single Social Registry (RSU) in order to achieve social justice, combat poverty and social exclusion and ensure the sustainable development of the country. This program is based on two principles: solidarity and non-discrimination.

Keywords: protection sociale marocaine, assurance maladie obligatoire, registre national de la population, couverture médicale de base

Keywords: Emploi, développement durable, conditions de travail, précarité

It is proposed that many Mediterranean countries could make better use of their water resources by constructing small hill reservoirs. Since 1980, Morocco has built more than 158 small dams in order to meet the requirements of rural population water use. Due to both environmental degradation and bad management, these small infrastructures are now in a critical situation. Furthermore, pollution and siltation, resulting in a deterioration of water quality and a reduction of water capacity, are problems at these sites.The present study is part of the HYDROMED research program on the hydrological balance of small dams in the Mediterranean area. Its objective is the monitoring of hydrological balance and siltation of a small dam, Saboun, located in Tangier in Northwest Morocco. A remote hydrological station was installed in November 1997. This station allowed the examination of the dam water balance and analyses of its hydrological function.The analyses of water balance demonstrated that the volume of water stored in the Saboun reservoir increased rapidly in November 1997, and was then followed by a progressive decrease. The load factor varied from 1.9 in 1997/98 to approximately 2 times the current capacity of reservoir, to only 0.3 in the following year 1998/99. These results show that even for a short hydrological period (2 years), the hydrological balance of the Saboun reservoir varied greatly as a result of the irregularity of its hydrological parameters. The essential reasons for this variability were the rainfall characteristics that control the runoff from the watershed and bad management practices.In addition, a bathymetric survey was carried out by a punctual method to estimate the rate of dam siltation and sedimentation from the watershed. The results of this control demonstrated that the dam siltation rate was about 2 % per year. This loss of total water retention capacity of the dam is the consequence of high specific soil degradation of the watershed. The rate of sediment delivered from watershed and deposited in the reservoir was estimated at 37 T/ha/year. The total soil erosion for watershed was estimated at 115 T/ha/year by integrating both the sediment evacuated at the time of dam overflow and the sediment deposited in stream flow. This erosion, which comes essentially from cultivated soil (95 % of the watershed surface), may have serious effects on the hydrological balance of the dam, particularly by reducing the reservoir capacity of the dam, and on the reservoir water quality.

Keywords: Barrage collinaire, bilan en eau, hydrologie, envasement, Small dam, water balance, hydrology, siltation

After years of delay to protect the earth from increasing greenhouse gas emissions, the issue of climate change has appeared front and center as a new object of research in the social sciences since the early 2000s. Initial studies, however, have shown that the issue has many challenges, both theoretically and methodologically. The present work conducted from field observations made in Eastern Morocco aims to demonstrate the value of a geographical approach that seeks to focus on the problem of adaptation to climate change in different social and territorial realities.”

Keywords: changements climatiques, adaptation, Oriental marocain, agriculture, gestion des ressources, représentations, territoires, politiques publiques, climate changes, adaptation, Eastern Morocco, agriculture, ressources management, representations, territories, public policies

Spain's colonial experience in Northern Africa gave at first an opportunity for geographers to assert their public presence through ad hoc institutions and research. The ultimate objective was to gain support for the colonization of Morocco from a population that still was under the impact of the recent loss of the remnants of a once huge colonial empire. The vicissitudes of the establishment of the Spanish Protectorate delayed the implementation of a real colonization policy until the end of the Spanish civil war. The "africanism" of the military officers, General Franco among them, explains that several projects of regional planning appeared during the 1940s. Such projects show the contradictions of the regional planning policy of the government but nevertheless they were pioneering undertakings in post-war Spain as they were intended to be a propaganda show-case for the military regime. Then, however, Spanish geography missed this opportunity due to the late institutionalization of the discipline and, therefore, regional planning remained for several decades the domain of other professionals with the required technical training.

Keywords: Colonialisme, aménagement du territoire, Maroc, Colonialism, planning, Morocco

Nadia Khrouz’s book explores the practices of law regarding foreigners in Morocco highlighting the diversity of actors involved at different levels. International and European pressures combine with the strategies of state and non-state actors, helping to adjust legal practices. Using an ethno-methodological approach, the author demonstrates that foreigners’ legal practices, particularly through the justice and administration’s activities, are influenced by the social and political perceptions of foreigners. As a result, it appears that the categories of foreigners are in flux, evolving in line with institutional policies and arrangements. Associations in particular are presented as key actors in the Moroccan context, filling gaps in public institutions and contributing to progress towards the rule of law and better access to justice. These associations use the law as a means of action, without opposing the regime in place, and are thus in line with the State’s vision of supporting the intervention capacities of civil society players. International institutions such as the European Union and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees also intervene to reinforce the capacities of institutional actors and programs.

Keywords: Ethnométhodologie, Droit de la nationalité, Droit, Immigration, Afrique, Analyse des politiques publiques, Maroc, Ethnomethodology, Nationality right, Right, Immigration, Africa, Analysis of public policies, Morocco