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In order to study the heuristic and epistemological inputs of theater, both metaphorically and conceptually, this article proposes first a genealogy of its usage through the history of ideas in sociology. In establishing thus the principled usage of the metaphor of theatre, the article illustrates its relevance for what is called a socioscenology, then, and also its relevance for a sociopoetic of everyday life, through an epistemological homology between the poet and the sociologist. Finally, the article proposes some methodological directions for this project, relying on the contributions of sociology and ethnoscenology.

Keywords: théâtre, sociologie, ethnoscénologie, métaphore, concept, méthodologie, teatro, sociología, etnoescenologia, metáfora, concepto, metodología, theatre, sociology, ethnoscenology, metaphor, concept, methodology

This article intends to question the processes of building a local public action. Using the example of three French mid-sized cities, the article highlights the mobilization of local stakeholders on a particular subject: landscape. Why and how is the landscape put in motion? By observing practice and speeches of stakeholders, it is the territorial organization under construction that seems emphasized, in particular through the groupings of conurbations. The article aims at opening new questionings concerning the capacity of landscape to govern the complexity of contemporary spatial phenomena and multiplied social and political expectations.

Keywords: Action publique, paysage, territorialisation, stratégies d'acteurs, projet de territoire, Public action, landscape, territorialization, stakeholders strategy, territory project

Temporary migration programs are a manifestation of the international division of labour that is reflected in the movement of productive agents. Temporary foreign workers and their employers are part of a unique employment system that is characterized by game mechanisms involved during the formation, implementation and termination of the wage relationship. If these games are inextricably linked to the legal rules regulating the wage relationship, they also stem from the practices and strategies deployed by the actors interacting within the employment system. However, some of these actors have the ability to occupy a unique place at the scene of the action, with the significance of their action plans being directly proportional to the nature and scope of the role they play in the employment system.This article presents the results of a field study that identified the contours of the employment system in which Guatemalan agricultural workers were hired through the agricultural stream of the Temporary Foreign Workers Program. This research shows how actors, who can be exogenous or endogenous to the labour field, organize their capacity for action. Hence, if the action of some actors is constrained by the effect of geographic and system boundaries, an empirical understanding of the employment system studied also shows a mismatch between the legal power granted to the employer under labour law and the strategic power that is available to certain actors who are external to the labour field. To conclude, this article provides an overview of the ways in which this multiparty context has consequences for the wage relationship studied.

Keywords: programmes de migration temporaire, travailleurs étrangers temporaires, travailleurs agricoles saisonniers, système d'emploi, système d'acteurs, temporary migration programs, temporary foreign workers, agricultural workers, employment system, actor system, programas de migración temporaria, trabajadores extranjeros temporarios, trabajadores agrícolas temporarios, sistema de empleo, sistema de actores

Do social-economy enterprises have specific features, a specific kind of organization and specific practices that lessen hardship in the workplace? The authors try to answer this question from the perspective of workplace psychodynamics, a field that studies the mechanisms of workplace hardship. They draw on the example of Tower Colliery, the oldest coal mine still in operation, which was bought out by its employees in 1994 and is now managed as a cooperative. Their study also reveals the particular order of priorities in decision-making in social-economy enterprises. While recognition of the work accomplished and trust towards the organization appear to be fundamental, the limitations of a consensual enterprise are also pointed out. What's important is to create a committed environment where there is room for dissent.

This paper addresses two questions. First, why and how did a Canadian foreign policy based on the (Liberal) principle advocating territorial and national integration coupled with international outreach - the "Third Way" - turned into a (Conservative) pragmatic and commercial policy geared towards the North American regional market ? Second, what place did the energy sector occupy in the implementation of North American free trade both in the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement of 1988 (FTA) and the regional agreement of 1992 (NAFTA) ? This paper outlines the importance of domestic factors such as the prominence of "privatizing" traditions in Alberta and Québec (energy producer provinces), as well as the fiery debate that occurred mainly in Ontario (an energy consumer province), and which almost cost the Conservatives their re-election in 1988. Finally, the author explores the role of the strategic energy reserve as a tool for raising American interest in free trade - a tool Canada used skill fully. The paper demonstrates how energy became the spearhead of the Canadian export strategy.

This article is a contribution to the sociological theory of the postmodern organizational order. It proceeds to the historical analysis of the elementary concepts of this form of domination. It consists of two parts. The first briefly set out the theoretical framework of this analysis (the theory of practices regulation and societal reproduction of Michel Freitag) and then moves on to the examination of the process of large-scale pooling of private ownership by American business enterprise in the twentieth century. On the background of the contemporary generalization of organized collective action, the second part deals with the elementary concepts of organizational domination. It examines the history of the common notions of organization, decision, operation, control and system and gives examples of the extension of the domain of organizational controls in contemporary social life.

SummaryThe relation between technology and organizational structure is examined in relation to management policies and the; dynamics of organizational social relationships in three pulp and paper firms. In spite of the similarity of technological and economic conditions, similar management policies of coordination and control exhibit noticeable differences in their application and their effects, in particular in the maintenance and repair sector, due to intensive négociations between the various actors, both inside and outside of the institutionalized framework of union-management relations. Technological change proves to be an important factor hi destructuring and restructuring organizational social relationships.

This article tries to shed new light on local governance by questioning what it is supposed to steer. Local governance intends to mould the local milieu, by a deliberate and holistic coordination of local leaders. But this deliberate governance can prove to be a wishful exercise if it does not take into account the immanent territorial governance which drives the evolution of the local milieu as a sub-complex, adaptive system, through the multitude of strategic decisions of all stakeholders (citizens as well as local elites). To strengthen the capacity of deliberate governance to maximize its hold on immanent governance, it is necessary to develop an analytical framework appropriate to the local complexity. The proposed framework highlights the influence of all the local actors on the evolution of the various dimensions of the local milieu, through their actions on different registers.

The Western industrial crisis of the 1970s and 1980s led to a rethinking of the economic model of urban development. The latter was then conceived through culture, arts, tourism, and events. The concept of the “creative city,” first known in North America, was taken up by the European Union. In 1985, this transnational organization proposed a label and program to cities called “European Capital of Culture,” with the aim of revitalizing the urban space through the creative city model. Beyond the cultural program, being a European Capital of Culture is synonymous with urban, economic, and social transformations. What role does the transnational actor play in the development of the European city and local government ? How do urban development actors adapt to this influential role ? The observation will be realized using the case of Marseille, an industrial city in transition toward the model of a cultural metropolis, and the analysis will be based on the neo-institutional sociological theory.

Keywords: organisme transnational, programme et label transnationaux, ville créative, métropole culturelle, transnational organization, transnational program and label, creative city, cultural metropolis