Documents found
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1271.
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1272.More information
This paper critically examines the ongoing debate over the legitimacy of visual arguments and proposes a resolution to this issue. Using a type-theory framework, the legitimacy of visual arguments is addressed through two key sub-problems. First, the paper argues that visual arguments exist, with their existence grounded in dynamic existentialism. Second, it contends that visual argumentation theory can expand argumentation theory in both descriptive and normative aspects. The paper advocates for a moderate defense of visual arguments, offering a stronger foundation for future research in the field.
Keywords: existence, multimodal, verbal argument, visual argument, visual argumentation theory
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1273.More information
In this article, we discuss the learning processes of our historical feminist fiction-based research which makes visible the often forgotten and essentialized stories of Toronto-based women World War II workers. We describe this gendered war work through the lenses of intersectional feminism and feminist antimilitarism. We detail the power of fiction-based research as feminist methodology and pedagogy, situating it within the sphere of feminist adult education scholarship. We explain our fiction-based research study which resulted in thematic vignettes from a day-in-the-life short story about women war workers involved in a clandestine project at Casa Loma. We conclude with implications of fiction-based research for feminist adult education.
Keywords: Fiction-based Research, recherche axée sur la fiction, Gendered War Work, travail de guerre genré, Feminist Adult Education, éducation féministe des adultes, fiction historique, Feminism, féminisme
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1274.More information
This article examines the different types of sexual violence inflicted on enslaved females who were captured during the War of Candia (1645–69). Women and girls constituted an exceptionally high percentage of the individuals enslaved in the course of this religiously justified war. Many of the captured Muslims were trafficked to Catholic Europe, where they were subjected to various forms of sexual exploitation. Yet this article suggests that the prolonged conflict also gave rise to Italian slavers’ sexual violence against enslaved females who were, in fact, not Muslims. It then illuminates the role that religious affiliation actually played in shaping local reactions to the rapes, as well as the responses of Church and state authorities to supplications asking to liberate the survivors of repeated sexual abuse. Finally, the article argues that taking sexual violence into consideration complicates our understanding of early modern Mediterranean enslavement, its motivations, and its implications.
Keywords: Rape, Viol, Grossesse forcée, Forced Pregnancy, Prostitution forcée, Forced Prostitution, Enslavement, Esclavage, Traite des êtres humains, Human Trafficking, Méditerranée, Early Modern Mediterranean, War of Candia, Début de l’ère moderne, Guerre de Candie, Cossack–Polish War, Muslim–Christian Relations, Guerre polono-cosaque, Jewish–Christian Relations, Relations islamo-chrétiennes, Relations judéo-chrétiennes
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1277.More information
The aim of this paper is to observe, using discourse analysis methodologies, the process of debating system about climate questions through the agency of three notions: expertise, controversy and polemic. We propose to analyze the construction of climate change discourse in French medias and in scientists' discourses through two discursive types: controversy and polemic, always regarding the part played by the climate expertise. The first part of this article helps to define discursively speaking what is controversy and what is polemic. It also constructs the links between these types of discourse and the definition of expertise. The empirical part of the article shows three complementary analysis: the uses of the two notions controversy and polemic in scientists' discourses, a diachronic analysis of French media discourses regarding the IPPC representation and a synchronic analysis of French newspapers front pages from November 2009 and April 2010, focusing on the elements constructing the polemic and controversial discourses.
Keywords: expertise, controverse, polémique, discours, presse, changement climatique, GIEC, climat, climato-scepticisme, expertise, controversy, polemic, discourse, media, climate change, IPCC, climate
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1278.More information
In theoretical works such as Orazione, Della institutione, and Raffaella, the Italian writer, scientist, and philogynist Alessandro Piccolomini (1508–78) outlines the characteristics that should make up the perfect woman. In his comedies—Alessandro and L’Amor costante—focusing mainly on the theme of love, Piccolomini presents some of the same ideas, articulating them through his noble and cultured female characters. This article examines Piccolomini’s dramatic productions in light of his treatises and other writings on women in order to underline his originality in the creation of these female characters. On the one hand, they are models of virtue and decorum; on the other, they demonstrate an unusual degree of initiative in love. They are conscious of their desires, and they defend their right to choose their lovers. In this way, Piccolomini describes new traits of the perfect woman.
Keywords: Alessandro Piccolomini, Alessandro Piccolomini, Alessandro, Alessandro, L’Amor costante, L’Amor costante, perfection féminine, Feminine Perfection
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1279.More information
This is a preliminary report on the longevity practices discussed in a Bengali Islamic Yogic text by Haji Muhammad called Nurjamal ba Suratnama written in the last decade of the sixteenth century. This and other similar texts were authored by Bengali literati in the kingdom of Roshang that encompassed at the time both the Arakan and eastern Bengal. I first present the unique cultural and political context in which these texts were produced. Next I discuss the particular text and its author. In doing this I also review the scant scholarship that exists on the material as well as advancing a different and parallel analytic strategy by which the texts might, in my view, be opened up to a broader range of inquiries. In the two subsequent sections I use the proposed strategy of 'figural history' to interrogate two different figures of 'life' that are found in the text under investigation. The entire discussion of longevity practices is organized around these figures of life and I suggest that they need to be explored more fully in their individuality. The conclusion pulls the strings together and reiterates the case for studying the longevity practices in this and other similar texts using figural history as an analytic strategy.
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1280.More information
Seventy living historical cities appear on the UNESCO's World Héritage List. Here, each of them is the object of a brief study which situates it in time and space, identifies its major historical milestones as well as originality and describes its essential urban and morphological landmarks. The criteria behind the recognition of these cities, according to the recommendations of the International Council on Monuments and Sites to the UNESCO's World Heritage Council, are also presented.
Keywords: Histoire urbaine, morphologie urbaine, patrimoine, Urban history, urban morphology, World Heritage