Documents found
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892.More information
This study examines, through a corpus of horrific video games developed in France over a period of nearly 25 years, how the renewal of iconographies and the re-reading of narrative codes, as well as the game mechanics usually employed in them, rarely constitute the core of French videogame proposals. Nevertheless, we show how these creations very often have in common to put into perspective the imaging processes they deploy, from the staging to the modeling mode adopted, as well as the question of the flow of images and the gaze. It is thus a question of seeing how horror, which has become a playground with the image, seems to be an ideal pretext for working, exploring, manipulating the medium and, in this way, making it evolve.
Keywords: Horreur, jeu vidéo, image, France, Horror, video game, image, France
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893.More information
Through the video game Watch Dogs, we propose to question the relationship between an urban space and its hero, between a narrative city and Aiden Pearce. We will rely mainly on a definition of mimicry (imitation), based on a Ricoeurian rereading of a concept from Aristotle's Poetics, a reconfiguration of the video game's territory in order to produce hermeneutic interrelationships between places or characters. We believe that Aiden Pearce and Chicago reflect eachother, that is, the city reveals itself to the player in the actions and character of the hero while he reveals himself in a territorial practice. In this way, Ubisoft's game can question us about the value of his character, the nature of his illegal actions in relation to a surveillance system authorized by the law. By offering a case study of Watch Dogs, we hope to identify deeper trends that revive the creation of allegories and return to the path of poetry.
Keywords: Jeu vidéo, Ubisoft, philosophie, Aristote, Video game, Ubisoft, philosophy, Aristotle
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894.More information
This article presents a sensitive et participatory mapping experience with high school french student about their own school establishment. The purpose was the hybridization of various knowledges in the class (formal and informal, individual and collective), where the usual practices are focused on formal knowledge only.
Keywords: cartographie sensible et participative, recherche-création, géographie expérientielle, géographie spontanée, subjective and participatory map, research-creation, experiential geography, informal geography
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896.More information
This article introduces the category of the commons and presents the main findings of our research into this concept in the Italian legal system. The commons are based on the principle of access and for this reason, they challenge the traditional rules of property law where the right to exclude has a pivotal role.
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898.More information
This article present directly the gaming modification on a historiographical and cultural level to demonstrate that the practice can be retraced at the beginning of the video game history. With the works of Olli Sotamaa and Alison Gazzard ont modding communities, this text present these gamers regroupment as important industrial influencers in the inter-episodic space existing between two releases of a series. To demonstrate the mutual influences that can occur between the amateur and professional scene, The Elder Scrolls franchise is presented as a typical example of a game series, but also as one of the largest current modding community.
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899.More information
If the Amerindian genocide is proven, its precise causes remain subject to discussion, as does the degree of intentionality behind it. According to a common vision shared by many historians and demographers, the vast majority of Amerindians disappeared during the first centuries of colonization under the effect of a “viral clash”, because of their vulnerability to pathogens from Europe or Africa. So where does this idea about the vulnerability of Native Americans to “white people's diseases” and “viral clash” come from, and is it well founded? This article proposes a few avenues of research for an archaeology of the representation of disease as the main reason for the disappearance of the Amerindians. In the opening of the subject, a Caribbean version first brings to light another side of the story, namely that of the reaction of the Amerindian collectives on the island of Curaçao to epidemics, using medicinal plants. This unconventional perspective invites us to take a closer look at the chronology of the epidemics as recounted in the writings and chronicles of the first conquistadors, and then to question the existence of a pandemic on a continental scale during the first centuries of colonization. At the same time, the article compares the impact of the brutal change in lifestyle, slavery, and the destruction of health systems, particularly through the prohibition of medicinal plants and acts of biological attacks, on the development of epidemics. The article ends by proposing that after having served to construct a political-ethical discourse on the disappearance of the Amerindians, these arguments of vulnerability and viral clash, the main supports for a reading of the history of the disappearance of the Amerindians according to the angle of the disease, nourished the eugenicist cause before entering into the common sense via a misinterpretation of the Malthusian and Darwinian theses.
Keywords: pathogène, histoire de l'Amérique, savoirs médicinaux, plantes, altérité, génocide, pathogen, history of America, medicinal knowledge, plants, otherness, genocide, patógeno, historia de América, saberes medicinales, plantas, alteridad, genocidio
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900.More information
Translation Studies has recently engaged with microhistory, drawing on archival holdings. Though this is a welcome development, it runs the risk of slanting research into translatorship since such archives tend to entail a degree of cultural gatekeeping and therefore reflect an atypically high degree of literary capital on the translator's part, due to the translator's own participation in prestigious forms of authorship and/or their association with authors with high literary capital. Seeking to account for the more typical experience of translators with low agency and low literary capital, the article outlines an alternative historiographical approach: prosopography, or collective biography. It first draws on the author's research in archives devoted to other actors in the communications circuit, in which translators are a tangential presence. It studies nineteenth-century publishers' archives at the Institut Mémoires de l'édition contemporaine in Caen, France, focusing on the issue of translatorial agency in negotiating moral rights. The second approach reads an online translation community, the Emerging Translators' Network, as a non-custodial participatory archive. This offers translation historians an opportunity to study the ambitions of aspiring translators at the outset of their careers and provides insights into the successful career trajectories of those who eventually earn an archival presence in their own right.
Keywords: archivistique, prosopographie, microhistoire, historiographie, non-custodialité, archive studies, prosopography, microhistory, historiography, non-custodiality, archivística, prosopografía, microhistoria, historiografía, sin custodia