Search Results

This study aimed at establishing prevalence of retraction articles in various scientific fields and exploring reasons why researchers are interested in the phenomenon. To do this, a non-systematic literature review was carried out. Results show that 70% of retraction articles pertain to the natural and medical sciences and that the reasons leading researchers to take an interest in retractions are shared in all science fields. However, specificities of research fields are raised to explain the reduced number of retraction studies in the human and social sciences domain, and specifically in education.

Keywords: rétractation d’articles, revue de littérature, raisons et intérêts, domaines scientifiques, article retraction, literature review, reasons and interest, scientific fields

With a sample of 22,113 students from the 7th to the 12th grade in New Brunswick, the determinants of resilience and academic achievement were identified at the provincial level and for each of the province’s seven health zones. To do so, this study used a three-step methodology. The first was two frequentist logistic regressions to do a preliminary sorting of the determinants. The second was a series of Bayesian logistic regressions with 20,000 MCMC simulations to narrow the estimations, and finally, probability calculations were run with fictitious student profiles.

Keywords: résilience, réussite scolaire, déterminants de la santé, statistiques bayésiennes, Nouveau-Brunswick, resilience, academic achievement, determinants of health, Bayesian statistics, New Brunswick

Agnolo di Cosimo, better known as Bronzino, was not only one of the most celebrated painters at the court of Cosimo I in Florence; he was also a dazzling poet, as Vasari reminds us in his Vite. Bronzino was the author of a Petrarchan canzoniere, as well as of burlesque poems. In his sonetti caudati, and in his paradoxical capitoli, burlesque language—characterized by its erotic puns and double meanings—interacts with the pictorial field in a strikingly original way. This interaction hinges on Bronzino’s employment of pictorial discourse: from simple, well-known burlesque symbols and metaphors—the paint brush, colours, bells, or the shapes of mosquitoes, carrots, and cheese—to the subtler use of burlesque topoi to face more serious and complex aesthetic issues.

The question addressed by this article is whether esotericism or secret teachings exist in Machiavelli’s writings. This question has been a major point of contention between the commentators of Machiavelli, with many denying the existence of esoteric teaching in the Machiavellian corpus. This article will explore the controversy by studying Machiavelli’s own works, and on this basis it will be contended that there are many references and elements present in Machiavelli’s works that justify an esoteric interpretation. Consequently, it is reasonable to assume that Machiavelli has esoteric intentions that are different from the surface meaning of his texts. It is therefore necessary for commentators to go beyond the surface of his writings to uncover his deeper teachings.

The legacy of John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments has urged scholars of the English Reformation to consider martyrdom the ultimate act of resistance, and recantation as an embarrassing lapse of faith. However, more recent criticism has drawn attention to the subversive potential of the false recantation, arguing that such events were not necessarily acts of capitulation but opportunities for covert evangelism and even shameless self-promotion. This article develops the above argument through an examination of the reformist Thomas Becon’s recantation of 1543, highlighting its innovative use of explicitly theatrical tropes to convey a message of falsity. However, the recantation’s potential for irony is shown to result in a lack of ideological stability in the narrative. Such instability, I argue, leads to further attempts to resolve or alter the meaning of a recantation through textual commentary. By means of close readings of the notable counter-recantation texts of Robert Wisdom and Robert Crowley, I demonstrate that the meaning of a recantation continues to be altered after the fact. Yet the defining quality of these texts is shown to be their confused and self-contradictory nature. I conclude that the continued argumentative oscillation of these texts indicates their ultimate failure to satisfactorily close down meaning and restore certainty to the co-religionist community.

This article argues that French poet Joachim Du Bellay’s interest in the Dido figure and his unusual ventriloquizing of female characters are connected to his practice of cultivating female patrons. Du Bellay’s occasional poems, long ignored by scholars, suggest the impact that these patrons had on Du Bellay’s career. Although his writing for women is inconsistent with recommendations made in the Deffence et illustration de la langue francoyse, Du Bellay’s work for female patrons nonetheless allowed him to fulfill many of his early poetic ambitions.

This paper focuses on cyber risks as an emerging threat to global economic stability. Today, the whole risk landscape seems to be undergoing profound changes because of digitalization. The main challenge is finding a compromise between the expected benefits of digitalization and the risks inherent to the new business models it imposes. The rise of cyber risks in global risk mapping certainly requires a reflection on the nature of this risk as well as its extent and consequences, but above all else, hedging responses are required. The cyber-insurance market is responding to this new risk category; however, as an emerging industry, the supply of cyber insurance and reinsurance remains well below the actors' expectations. Undoubtedly, the main difficulties faced by risk managers are those of anticipating, measuring, and quantifying cyber risks. First, the author focuses on the concept of cyber risk, its characteristics and scope, and the sphere of its stakes. Second, the author emphasizes the issues of cyber-risk anticipation, measurement, and quantification. Third, the author describes the progress made in establishing a framework for managing cyber risk, particularly through the work of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Finally, the author opens a debate on the new lines of thinking for improving cyber-risk hedging through the financial markets and the use of derivatives, mainly insurance-linked securities.

Keywords: cyber-risque, cartographie des risques, couverture, cyber assurance, produits dérivés, titres assurantiels, cyber risk, risk mapping, risk hedging, cyber insurance, derivatives, insurance-linked securities ()

In the French-as-a-second-language classroom, authentic materials take an important place in the teaching process. Using a movie, for example, requires instructors to scaffold teaching/learning activities in order to make the target language accessible to learners. In the case of using a popular mainstream movie, these activities aim to highlight differences between oral and written language with a view to helping learners appreciate the nuances and richness of “everyday” French spoken in Quebec. These nuances go beyond vocabulary and extend to idiomatic expressions, pronunciation, and cultural referents. In this article, we first describe how an excerpt from the Quebec-made film La Grande Séduction is used as a vehicle for pedagogical reflection. Then, we discuss practical applications of aural/oral activities inspired by “everyday” spoken Quebecois French that draw learners’ attention to the various and distinctive features of the oral language.

Keywords: Authentic materials, Documents authentiques, film québécois, Quebec-made film, compréhension orale, oral comprehension, spoken Quebecois French, français parlé québécois, language variations, variations, register, registres de langue, sociolinguistic competence, compétence sociolinguistique.

Academic research is an activity which transcends geographical borders and is built upon international expertise, resources, mobility, and collaborations. The objective of this article is to examine how professors from research-intensive universities in five Canadian provinces perceive the influence of internationalization on the production research. A survey to which 1,045 professors responded, followed by descriptive analyzes, paired sample tests and an ANOVA, reveal that internationalization is perceived to have a positive influence on research. International research collaborations, recruitment of international faculty and graduate students, as well as international research funding are considered to have a stronger influence than the recruitment of international undergraduate students and institutional partnerships.

Keywords: international activities, activités internationales, internationalization, internationalisation, academic research, recherche universitaire, Canada, Canada, scientific and technological human capital, capital humain scientifique et technique

Given the increasing number of immigrant students in schools, the purpose of this study is to examine how they perceive their relationships with their teachers and their teachers' attitudes towards them. Data was collected from 819 students in eight Quebec high schools. Results show that 2nd generation students perceive their relationships with their teachers as less warm, while 1st generation students perceive higher expectations of success and more negative feedback compared to their peers of 3rd generation or more. Students of Haitian descent report less warm interactions with their teachers than students of 3rd generation or more. Also, 1st generation Haitian students perceive more expectations of success than 2nd generation Haitian students. The implications of these findings for practice and research are discussed.

Keywords: relation élèves-enseignants, student-teacher relationship, attitudes des enseignants, teacher attitudes, perceptions des élèves, student perceptions, immigration, immigration