Documents found
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223.More information
AbstractTo question the link between the Nation State and political subjectivity, is to examine simultaneously the symbolic components of that imaginaire which is invested in the national project. Such components rest upon that locus occupied by citizenship in the representation of the national bond, as the foundation of a politically modern nation. It is also relevant to take into consideration the mediatory role played by the state in its formation of people as citizen-subjects. One needs to examine the representation of its links to other nations: there lies the subjectivity of the communinitarian, or regional link within the nation as political subject. The political meaning of self-determination as a project thus pertains to the question of democracy inasmuch as the representations of subjectivity constitute the foundation of democracy. It is in this context that Québec represents a very individual and specific case. The resolute self-determination which vitalizes the Québec sovereignty project only pertains to international law as the consequence of a specific political process.
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224.More information
Our article aims to show how participation in various government coalitions and the practice of power have pushed the Algerian Islamists of the Movement of Society for Peace (MSP) to transform their religious utopia into a consensual political program. How did this change, which spanned nearly five decades, take place? To answer this question, we aim to account for the profound ideological and programmatic transformations of this party. We defend the idea that the political inflection of the MSP is less the result of a change proper to the party than of external political contingencies. To put it differently, participation in power has encouraged the MSP to “dilute” the utopian charge of its discourse in order to integrate and maintain itself in power. The imperatives of maintaining power have forced the party to create alliances with non-Islamist partisan organizations and to make concessions that “affect” its original ideals.
Keywords: Algérie, Frères musulmans, modération, intégration, politique
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227.More information
As several governments today seek to control the risks associated with excessive alcohol consumption, policies to eliminate sources of ultra-low-priced alcohol are emerging. Minimum price policies establishing a floor price below which the sale of alcohol is prohibited are controversial, particularly in Scotland, for the trade-restrictive effects they can cause. When adopting a policy that potentially restricts trade in a certain product, it is necessary to assess its compatibility in the same way as international economic law. This article examines the issues surrounding implementing a minimum price policy per standard glass of alcohol in Quebec in light of applicable international trade commitments. After analyzing the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements and the case law resulting from them, we maintain that a minimum pricing policy is likely to be compatible with the commitments made under the WTO system and binding on Quebec. More specifically, we assess the consistency of the measure with the national treatment and quantitative restrictions obligations included in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), as well as with the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) and the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT). However, the minimum pricing policy as proposed demonstrates its compatibility with WTO law under the exception provided in paragraph XX(b) of the GATT relating to the protection of the life of individuals.