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Some new technology-based firms (NTBFs) helped by the French Ministry in charge of Research have been very successful ; however, there is a huge heterogeneity in NTBFs growth trajectories.This research aims to explain these heterogeneous trajectories through the evolution of governance structure in these firms, such as the evolution of ownership or the evolution of relationships with capital investors. To conduct this study, we propose the use of an enlarged view of corporate governance based on both disciplinary and cognitive prisms. This integrative perspective is particularly suited to study in all its complexity the issue of corporate governance in the context of NTBFs. The results are based on interviews with sixteen entrepreneurs, in firms created between 1999 and 2013. They confirm entrepreneurs' broad vision about corporate governance and the necessary evolution of governance structure to support growth in NTBFs.

Keywords: Trajectoires de croissance, Startup, Gouvernance coercitive, Gouvernance cognitive, Parties prenantes, Growth trajectories, NTBF, Corporate governance, Disciplinary and cognitive view, Stakeholders, Trayectorias de crecimiento, Nuevas empresas, Gobernabilidad coercitiva, Gobernabilidad cognitiva, Partes interesadas

Social media platforms have transformed the relation of pregnant women and new mothers to infant feeding. They are present on these platforms to obtain information or support, share experiences and advocate, including on infant feeding (breastfeeding and formula feeding). Social media platforms have become the repositories of the diversity of their voices which are expressed in multiple ways (words, images and videos). Our analysis focuses on user reactions on Facebook and Instagram (740 comments) following the publication of a blog post written by a Quebec influencer, in partnership with a commercial infant formula company. In a context where breastfeeding is recommended by public health authorities, how is this type of partnership received? What are the voices emerging? How do the voices of these women intersect, respond / oppose / unite? In our study, three types of voices emerge: the voice of « discontent or contestation », « experience » and « approbation ». In conclusion, we suggest that the voices of women, regardless of their infant feeding choice, should be given greater attention from public health authorities and researchers in order to protect physical and emotional well-being.

Keywords: Allaitement, Infant-feeding, Préparation pour nourrissons, breastfeeding, réseaux sociaux, social media, influencer, influenceur, sponsorship, partenariat rémunéré

SummaryThis article discusses the form of employmment differing from the standard model of a stable regular job which have proliferated since the 1980s. It begins by examining the erosion of the norms governing full-time employment. This is followed by a presentation of the «new» job forms (part-time, temporary, self-employment) proliferating along side salaried workers, this as an illustration of the differentiation phenomenon. This non-exhaustive typology is meant to inform an inquiry into the erosion of the regular salaried job as a basic category vis-a-vis the multiplication of differentiated job forms. The author argues that this phenomenon is related to a transformation of the tertiary sector.

Keywords: emploi, normes dans l'emploi, emploi à temps partiel, emploi temporaire, emploi occasionnel, activité indépendante, travailleurs autonomes, secteur tertiaire, services aux entreprises, job, employment standards, part-time work, occasional work, temporary work, self-employment, self-employed workers, tertiary sector, service industry, empleo, normas de empleo, empleo de medio tiempo, empleo temporario, empleo ocasional, actividad independiente, trabajadores autónomos, sector terciario, servicios a las empresas

Keywords: nudisme, plage, tourisme balnéaire, Mexique

On the basis of a unique case study, following a qualitative approach, this article studies the cultural dynamics at work in a French multinational established in Cameroon by examining the international mobility policy, as well as the attitudes and behaviors of employees. The results show that cultural universes of meaning are a complementary dimension of intercultural competences that favor a real immersion in the culture of the Other (local employees).

Keywords: compétences interculturelles, multinationale, cultures, Afrique/Cameroun, intercultural competences, multinational, cultures, Africa/Cameroon, competencias interculturales, multinacionales, culturas, África / Camerún

This paper explores the role of safety and sexual harassment risk as the pivotal element for the understandings in gender and city debates both in literature and in public policy in Colombia, which derives from understanding women’s sexuality as either “kind mothers” or “chaste women” who must protect their sexuality in public spaces. Using ethnographic techniques in Barranquilla and Cali (Colombia), we suggest that the protection of sexuality is tangential to women’s concerns when thinking about mobility, public space, and urban dimensions. We argue that putting women’s sexuality at the center of public concerns by using space governance techniques helps reproduce a power scheme in which women lose because they are seen as childlike, vulnerable, and requiring protection. We defend the idea that we need to think spatially, but differently: using a legal geographies approach allows a novel tool to imagine refining policy approaches about vulnerable subjectivities in urban spaces. This paper reveals how space operates as a mechanism to produce identities associated with the mobility experiences of its inhabitants and related with class and gender axes. We argue that the emphasis on sexual harassment as the organizing vector of the interventions related to gender and the city reproduces gendered stereotypes of women and men and reinforces and legitimizes the role of the nation-state as patriarchal protector. Further, the emphasis on safety fails to recognize different ways in which women use their sexuality in cities, their agency, and their strategies for negotiating with governance techniques.

Keywords: Feminism, feminismo, féminisme, femminismo, city, città, ciudad, géographie juridique, estudios de género, gender studies, mobilité urbaine, studi di genere, geografía legal, sexualité, geografia giuridica, legal geography, sexualidad, mobilità urbana, sexuality, urban mobility, mobilidad urbana