Documents found
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21101.More information
This paper seeks to verify whether two of the trends most often revealed in the educational science literature can be confirmed once again: 1) a shrinking of young people's interest in mathematics and sciences around the age of 14 to 16; and 2) the distancing of certain paths by some students, which might have led to the pursuit of a scientific career. The methodology deployed, qualitative in nature, led to the description and analysis of the content of nearly 500 reports of knowledge written by pupils in the third secondary enrolled in four different schools. The results obtained nuance these two major findings and rather reveal a strong internalization of school standards in general and the perceived usefulness of mathematics and sciences in particular.
Keywords: mathématiques, sciences, rapport aux savoirs, recherche qualitative, normes scolaires, mathematics, science, relationships to knowledge, qualitative research, school standards, matemáticas, ciencia, relación con el conocimiento, investigación cualitativa, estándares escolares
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21102.More information
This article explores the foundation of a French Canadian immigrant community in Palm Beach, Florida in the Post-war years. The arrival of an ever-growing contingent of tourists and snowbirds during the 1960s and 1970s transformed this community. Formerly focused on integration into American society, it now set out to create a francophone context well connected to French Canada. If economic imperatives often motivated this migration, the « fear » of winter also appears to be an element of continuity in French Canadian Florida.
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21103.More information
AbstractEconometrics of Competition between Differentiated Products: Theory and Empirical Methods. The evolution of the industrial concentration has lead to a change in the relationships between manufacturers and retailers. This paper focuses on the measure of market power and the analysis of the competitive interactions between manufacturers and retailers. The analysis of horizontal and vertical relationships is based on structural econometric methods. To measure the market power, price-cost margins at manufacturers and retailers levels are recovered from demand estimated parameters and different hypothesis of strategic interactions are tested. This paper proposes a survey of this literature where discrete choice models, such as multinomial logit models, the modelisation of strategic vertical interactions and non-nested tests for competing models are developped.
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21104.More information
In a society where workers are using psychoactive substances in their workplace, what type of prevention can we propose in order to limit the risks? The aim of this research is to contribute to the improvement of current prevention systems. This work is grounded within an Inter-company Occupational Health and Prevention Service (IOHPS). Data were collected during four prevention interventions in companies affiliated with the service. These interventions were documented to assist in the development of new collective and primary prevention approaches for substance use in the workplace. Developing preventive actions in the workplace requires collective and multidisciplinary collaboration between occupational health professionals and company stakeholders. Based on studies conducted on the analysis of mental health interventions in the workplace, our results confirmed the importance of the five essential conditions that facilitate the development of actions highlighted by Rouat (Rouat, 2010; Rouat et al., 2021). They also identified two additional conditions: the establishment of a common set of representations and the preexistence of a framework that facilitates prevention. We have identified a set of factors that can constrain these interventions. Thus, performance-driven approaches to occupational health, lack of support in implementing interdisciplinary projects, or the digitalization of relationships between occupational health stakeholders can influence the success of substance use prevention projects. Given that addictive behaviours intersect personal and professional spheres, we emphasize the importance of applying occupational and organizational psychology principles in this area of intervention.
Keywords: Conduites addictives, Addictive behaviour, Travail, Work, Prévention, Prevention, Santé au travail, Occupational health
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21105.More information
Research Framework: This article is based on a PhD research in socio-anthropology about the transmission of familial memory among Rwandans living in France. We are interested in the day-to-day kinship of orphans after the genocide of the Tutsi in Rwanda. Objectives: The objective of this article is to provide a better understanding of family reconfigurations in post-genocide Rwanda. We will see how the care of orphans has transformed the boundaries of kinship. Methodology: We conducted an ethnographic study based on a non-linear fieldwork from 2014 to 2019. We carried out semi-directive interviews with Rwandans living in France who were less than 20 years old in 1994, as well as with their family members, in France or in Rwanda. This was complemented with the development of kinship trees and with observations made during commemorations. Results: We document here several hosting situations for orphans after the Tutsi genocide: foster care, children's households and orphanages. The Rwandan government pursued family-based policy that aimed at “reunification” or placement in a family. We present configurations of households of care that may or may not involve relatives, or even protect themselves from them . Conclusions: The genocide provoked a crisis of orphans' care that impacted kinship relations, through acts of solidarity or hostility. Households of care and lines of transmission have seen their boundaries redrawn by affective and material exclusion and inclusion of orphans. Contribution: The article allows us to reinscribe kinship relations and everyday kinship in a given socio-economical and historical context, that of post-genocide Rwanda. It sheds light on the family and societal changes that occur in the aftermath of genocide.
Keywords: Orphelin, parenté, génocide, Rwanda, fratrie, prise en charge, famille, Orphan, kinship, genocide, Rwanda, siblings, care, family, Huérfano, parentesco, genocidio, Ruanda, hermandad, cuidado, familia
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21107.More information
In 1543 Claude Chappuys published Le Discours de la court, a long poem in praise of the court of Francis I. This text, a hybrid of moral allegory and enumerative discourse, recalls themes, structures, and poetic language that can be found in Guillaume de Lorris, Jean Lemaire de Belges, and above all, as I will argue, Marot, with whom Chappuys had collaborated earlier, for example in the context of the Blasons anatomiques du corps féminin. Yet at the same time, and more importantly, this article demonstrates that Chappuys’s poem, despite its non-controversial tone, can be read as an implicit rejection of key aspects of Marot’s heritage. Indeed, Chappuys condemns Marot’s polemical vein indirectly through the negative depiction of the Pasquin-L’Arétin duo, a clear figure of the satirical genre, and through veiled allusions to L’Enfer and the coq-à-l’âne poems. This presence of Marot in the intertext of an extremely consensual work written for Francis I is all the more significant when one remarks that the Discours was published just a few months after Marot’s flight to Geneva, in a renewed context of interconfessional tension; it constitutes, so to say, the poem’s flipside. Symptomatically, the only direct mention of Marot in the Discours is laconic, "Marot was here," and can be read in different ways. This article can be seen as a discussion of this short phrase and its resonances, with special attention given to its specific location in the carefully elaborated catalogue of the court that makes up the second half of the work. Generally speaking, the following offers an introduction to Chappuys’ poem and attempts to rehabilitate a work that has been neglected or read primarily in a political perspective.
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21108.More information
Claude Boudan was a Celestine monk of significant stature, who held several offices within the Order. He was also a prolific and talented author of Latin verse. Among his numerous works still in manuscript, the long poem in dactylic hexameters, titled De mutua hugonostici belli et catholicae pacis collatione carmen heroicum, is unique insofar as it offers his perspective on the contemporaneous events of the Wars of Religion in France. Written in an energetic, and at times eve polemical tone, the poem describes several violent incidents that occurred during the period beginning in the early 1560S and preceding the Saint Bartholomew’s Massacre of 1572, adopting a resolutely partisan point of view. In this, it resembles much of the polemical poetry written during the period, by authors as diverse as Ronsard, d’Aubigné, Jean Dorat, and Léger Du Chesne.
Keywords: Poésie polémique, Guerres de Religion, Célestins, Rayonnement culturel monastique, littérature engagée
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21109.More information
This article aims to analyze the reasons why French and liberal Jewish women were ordained as rabbis only in 1990, despite the existence of a principle of equality in effect since 1846, and in such small numbers. This question will be addressed from a feminist perspective, using approaches and concepts from the sociology of organizations and labor. We will attempt to understand the “glass ceiling” (Laufer, 2004) and “stained-glass ceiling” (de Gasquet, 2009) mechanisms that hinder the access of these women to positions of power and to the function of rabbi according to the “Gender – Organization – System” approach (Fagenson,1990), an approach not yet used in studies of Jewish religious institutions. We will then see that the weight of systemic patriarchy, a rabbinate organized according to male values, models and management, as well as women’s self-censorship and men’s confinement in gendered stereotypes, have contributed to the construction of a stained-glass ceiling that has stifled egalitarian principles.
Keywords: female rabbinate, rabbinat féminin, plafond de vitrail, stained-glass ceiling, judaïsme libéral, liberal Judaism, France, France, approche féministe, feminist approach, gender, genre, organization, organisation, system, système
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21110.More information
Introduction: Nonprofit community-based organizations (COs) are expected to complement specialized cancer care and help meet the needs of people living with and beyond cancer. However, nonprofit community organization (CO) services are underused by women living with and beyond breast cancer (WLWB-BC).Objective: The objective of this study is to explore women’s experience of using CO services.Methods: The study is designed as a qualitative study using Interpretive Description. Ten WLWB-BC with experience using CO services were recruited for individual interviews. Thematic content analysis of interview data relied on an iterative 3-cycle coding process to identify factors that affect women’s activation to use CO support services.Results: Interviews reveal variations in women’s recognition of their need for support, in their experience of identifying COs to meet these needs, and in the process of accessing and using CO services. The concept of candidacy emerges as a determinant process in the use of CO services, influenced by the highly contextualized quality of interactions between women, cancer team professionals and COs.Discussion and Conclusion: Integrating CO services requires more productive interactions. Our findings shed light on how WLWB-BC seek response to their needs outside specialized cancer care. An important aspect is how they see themselves as candidates for CO services and how care providers legitimate perceived needs and eligibility. Candidacy and productive interactions create a virtuous circle supporting activated and informed providers, which in turn support WLWB-BC activation in self-management and CO service utilization.
Keywords: cancer du sein, breast cancer, nonprofit community-based organization, organisme communautaire à but non lucratif, modèle de soins chroniques, chronic care model, candidacy, éligibilité/candidacy, qualitative study, étude qualitative