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This phenomenological qualitative research conducted among ten members of the teaching staff of the University of Quebec in Abitibi-Témiscamingue studied teaching practices used to support the success of indigenous students. It results from the thematic analysis of the participants’ discourse, collected through semi-structured interviews, that their pedagogical choices do not depend on the presence of indigenous students in the group. This study also shows that, in this context, participants adapt the content of their courses and adopt an attitude of listening, flexibility, openness and respect. This reflects individual efforts made to make university education more inclusive of indigenous students.

Keywords: corps enseignant universitaire, apprentissages holistiques, étudiants autochtones, pratiques enseignantes, pédagogie universitaire, university pedagogy, teaching practices, indigenous students, holistic learning, university teaching staff

Considering the treatment of pictoral works in the French class and, especially, proposing a pedagogical approach structured in this direction implies shedding light upon this phenomenon with a particular attention paid to its wide range of possibilities. From this standpoint, it seems possible, in corollary, to allot to such a treatment a teaching posture that is as rich in its interculturality as in its authenticity.

Keywords: image commentary, commentaire d’image, French, pédagogie, pedagogical, français, interculturality, interculturalité

Elementary teachers in Senegal, unlike those in the West, are not professionals in the full sense of the term. They do not have a high level of qualification, their margin of autonomy is narrow and yet the institution asks them to be part of a dynamic of self-training like their western colleagues to develop their professional skills. This article examines the individual and collective learning strategies that Senegalese teachers develop in this context, which are based on the sense of initiative and transgression of certain rules.

Keywords: profesores, teachers, enseignants, self-training, autoformation, autoformación, stratégies, strategies, estrategias, développement professionnel, desarrollo profesional, professional development

The Roma are the largest ethnic minority in Europe, but few studies have focused on delinquency and victimization among them. This article presents the results of exploratory research on the victimization and delinquency of young Romanian Roma in two cities in the French-speaking region of Switzerland. The study follows a mixed approach that combined 130 hours of participant observation with a self-reported delinquency and victimization survey (N=27). The findings show that the most common instances of victimization involve domestic violence, thefts, and verbal assaults related to begging, while the most common offences committed are brawls and domestic violence, which is frequently bidirectional. There is a correlation between crime and victimization, although the range of victimization suffered is larger than that of offences committed. Victims rarely report incidences of victimization to the authorities, even though their perception of the Swiss police is relatively positive. Despite the small sample and the biases related to this kind of research, this work calls attention to several new elements, such as the role of social media in delinquency, the bidirectionality of intimate partner violence, and the low rate at which victimization is reported to the police. It also suggests relevant subjects for future research.

Keywords: Roms, victimisation, délinquance, prévalence vie, reportabilité, Suisse, Roma, victimization, delinquency, life prevalence, reportability, Switzerland, Gitanos rumanos, victimización, delincuencia, prevalencia vida, reportabilidad, Suiza

The Arctic do not elude the extension of the Internet network, supported by fibre optic submarine cables. Several submarine cable projects are in progress, or are already completed in the region. This new route promises a shorter distance, not for the containers this time, but for the transport of data between North America, Europe and Asia. China, which invests in a global Internet infrastructure, The Digital Silk Road, is very interested by this new route and could gain a foothold via the cable project Arctic Connect. In the context of a commercial and technological war between China and the United States, questions arise about the real intentions of China when it comes to this 100 % Chinese Internet network project. The financing and the construction by China of this type of infrastructure, vital for the global economy, might be a means to extend its regional and global influence.

Keywords: Internet, câbles sous-marins, Arctique, Chine, route de la soie numérique, Internet, submarine cables, Arctic, China, Digital silk road, Huawei