Documents found
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614.More information
This paper aims to analyze the decision process approaches implemented in a complex system, by focusing on the development of new public policies. Individual interviews were conducted with forty policy makers, as part of an experimentation about the intellectual property system. The results show that, in this system, the policy makers rely on decision process approaches that are consistent with the models of disjointed or logical incrementalism. Besides, these process approaches can vary on three aspects : the presence or not of external diplomatic activities, the use or not of decision cases considered similar, the nature of objectives pursued.
Keywords: Décision, incrémentalisme, rationalité, complexité, propriété intellectuelle, decision, incrementalism, rationality, complexity, intellectual property, decisión, incrementalismo, racionalidad, complejidad, propiedad intelectual
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615.More information
For the Francophone communities of western Canada, judicial decisions constitute the cornerstone of advances in, or curtailments of, linguistic rights, as revealed by the reaction to the recent cases Caron v. Alberta (2015) and Rose-des-vents v. British Columbia (2015). For along with established jurisprudence and constitutional language rights, other judicial norms also support Francophone minorities.This study also proposes a legal analysis of federal and provincial language laws, bilateral agreements and municipal legal powers that contribute to the construction of public policy regarding international Francophone immigration. Municipal governments, although they have no jurisdiction with regard to immigration, are nonetheless essential stakeholders along the immigration continuum. Nonetheless, in the interests of improving strategies of linguistic development, federal, provincial and municipal standards need to be better integrated.In a context where the number of people claiming French as their maternal language is diminishing in the west (Statistics Canada, 2016), the issue is to reinforce the integration of the standards at various levels as a means of developing immigration policies which will contribute to the growth of a Francophone presence. As a prospective illustration, emphasis will be place on those municipal, provincial and federal measures which favour Francophone immigration.
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616.More information
In Canada, forest policy is most often conceived as a sectoral policy. The role of the state and of industrial holders of public forest licences is central, offering little space for territorial actors. However, in Quebec and New Brunswick, we have seen the emergence of regional institutions that participate in forest governance. Does this change in scale amount to a desectorialisation of power in forestry and therefore a transformation of the role of the State in public forests? Based on the work on rescaling and neo-regionalism, these institutions are presented as stemming from the logic of downscaling in Quebec or upscaling in New Brunswick, and the ambiguous role of the state is questioned. In the course of its sectoral policies, the latter proves to be in turn a promoter and a hindrance to the emergence of a territorial forest governance.
Keywords: Gouvernance forestière, néo-régionalisme, rescaling, Québec, Nouveau-Brunswick, Forest governance, new regionalism, rescaling, Québec, New-Brunswick
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