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3361.More information
A sea voyage in the early modern period came with many inherent risks and often considerable unpleasantness for travellers ranging from storms and shipwreck to seasickness. But not all those who voyaged across water were in the same boat, as it were. Women and young boys faced additional dangers of unwanted sexual attention or rape from predators on their ships or those they encountered, such as pirates or enemy warships. This article examines the experiences and vulnerability of women and young boys as they dealt with the threat of sexual assault when they journeyed by sea.
Keywords: Violence sexuelle, Sexual Violence, Royal Navy, Marine royale, Pirates, Pirates, Sea, Mer, Navires, Ships
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3363.More information
A member of the Canadian Advisory Council on the Status of Women (CACSW) gives her account of events comprising the crisis of 1980-81. As an activist from outside Ontario, Berenice Sisler presents a different view than that of lawyers and the central Canadian women’s movement. Sisler indicated that this account was written in 1997. She referred to Edward Greenspon and Anthony Wilson-Smith (1996) as having provoked it, and wrote in ink at the bottom of the last page “February, 1997.”
Keywords: Canadian politics, women's movement, Liberal Party
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3367.
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3368.More information
At the start of the twenty-first century, North American urban history is flourishing. Compared to twenty-five years ago, the field has become more interdisciplinary and intellectually invigorating. Scholars are publishing increasingly sophisticated efforts to understand how the city as space intersects the urbanization process, as well as studies that recognize the full complexity of experiences for different metropolitan cohorts. A burgeoning literature connects the everyday cultural experiences of urban North Americans with larger social processes and issues of historical analysis. Such a rapidly evolving field defies attempts to summarize the state of its scholarship. This essay will therefore confine itself to a survey of five themes of recent scholarship on the urban history of Canada and the United States: social class and the city, housing studies, urban life and politics, city-suburb relationships, and race relations and the metropolis. These diverse bodies of literature challenge our common wisdom about how cities and suburbs work and inspire urbanists to approach their topics with fresh eyes, an interdisciplinary purview, and an open mind.
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3369.More information
AbstractThe ecological thesis in urban sociology has long treated suicides as a symptom of urban pathology. Historians who have studied the problem in Paris in the nineteenth century have accepted that official statistics mirrored reality and have explained higher rates in the capital than elsewhere in France by the failure of immigrants, marginal groups and working classes to adapt to the urban milieu. The purpose of this article is to determine the validity of these conclusions. The method adopted to do so consists, first of all, in creating a reliable data base using three different sources: the Morgue registers, statistics published annually by the Ministry of Justice and compilations made from individual suicide dossiers in the 1850s. It consists, secondly, of an analysis of crude data and global rates, and a more detailed examination of the incidence of suicide by gender, civil status, age group and profession and across Parisian space. The argument that is presented denies the validity of the ecological thesis. It is argued that rates do not increase across the period and that immigrants, the marginal, the working class are not overrepresented among suicides. It is further argued that the methods used to end one's life were more passive than brutal and that suicides were less important among causes of death than they would be in the twentieth century when Parisian rates had become the lowest in France.