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Entre science et politique : la question épistémologique dans l'histoire de la psychologie féministe
More informationPsychological expertise acquired during the 20th century a social status making it a target for criticisms from the second feminist wave.This paper presents the history of how these political and epistemological criticisms build up a feminist approach of psychology. It questions also the process bringing in a new expertise with this feminist psychology.
Keywords: histoire de la psychologie, XXe siècle, féminisme, expertise, épistémologie
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As a conceptual and analytic framework, intersectionality has informed, and can transform, how scholars approach psychology and its history. Intersectionality provides a framework for examining how multiple social categories combine in systems characterized by both oppression and privilege to affect the experiences of those occupying the intersections of these social categories. The concept has its origins in the writings of Black feminists and critical race theorists in the 1970s and 1980s. Since that time, many critical debates about the definition, uses, and even misuses of intersectionality have been put forward by scholars in many fields. In psychology, the uptake of intersectionality as a methodological and epistemological framework has been undertaken largely by feminist psychologists. In this context, intersectionality has been used as both a logic for designing research, and as a perspective from which to critique the perpetuation of intersectional oppression latent in mainstream psychological research. In addition, intersectionality has also been applied to writing histories of psychology that attend to the operation of multiple intersecting forms of oppression and privilege. For example, historians of psychology have taken up intersectionality as a way to approach the intersections of scientific racism, sexism, and heterocentrism in the history of psychology's concepts and theories. Intersectionality also has the potential for generating a more sophisticated historical understanding of social activism by psychologists. Finally, given that extant histories of psychology focusing on the American context have rendered the contributions of women of color largely invisible, intersectional analysis can serve to re-instantiate and foreground their experiences and contributions.
Keywords: intersectionnalité, psychologie, historiographie, rapports de pouvoir, théorie critique
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Keywords: Induction, psychologie positive, résilience, sclérose latérale amyotrophique, réadaptation
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Reinach is known for his defence of an a priori theory of civil law. His position, which is meant to be inspired by Husserl, is usually said to be “Platonist” in the secondary literature. It is understood as an intuition of essences, and this project of eidetic phenomenology would originate in Plato according to Reinach. A position which is rejected by Reinach in philosophy of law is “psychologism”, which tends to explain laws by reference to psychical phenomena. The hostility of Reinach against psychologism seems to be a hostility against himself: as a student of Lipps, Reinach wrote a dissertation on the notion of causality in criminal law and gave in this text a founding role to psychology with respect to law. In my paper, I follow the evolution of Reinach on these questions, by starting from his dissertation and the works of Lipps on which it is based in order to compare it to the later Reinachian writings and their relation both to Plato and Husserl.
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AbstractsThis article contributes to our knowledge about the rise of the social and human sciences through an examination of military uses of psychology in Canada and this field sensibility to external demand. The national crisis caused by World War II and the Cold War were perceived by psychologists as sizeable opportunities to promote psychological expertise outside academe and to strengthen the social authority of their discipline and profession. By the way of military patronage and psychological contribution to National defense, psychological expertise then gained new symbolic and material resources. Does it mean that this field exogeneity undermine its disciplinary practices or knowledge production? It is said that this is an empirical question that bears no univocal answers.