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AbstractThe experience of recovery : Theoretical perspectives The experience of recovery is increasingly recognized as an important phenomenon in the promotion of a state of well-being of people with mental disorders. This article offers an initial effort of conceptualizing the experience of recovery. A definition of recovery is first proposed followed by a literature review, where recovery is discussed through four related dimensions: 1) redefining and expansion of self, 2) temporality, 3) empowerment, and 4) relationships with others. Finally, future directions in research are suggested to further explore the experience of recovery in different areas.

AbstractThe efficacy of a new cognitive-behavioral group program to help discontinuation of benzodiazepines (PASSE) was evaluated by comparison to a group receiving only social support. Both programs lasted 20 weeks commencing with a preparatory period of one month and then tapering continually during 16 subsequent weeks until discontinuation. Forty-eight participants (24 in each condition) with a diagnosis of anxiety disorder took part in the study. These two active conditions were compared with a separate group of 41 people receiving standard tapering with physician counselling only. The results post-treatment supported the hypothesis that those receiving either of the two active treatments succeeded better in discontinuing benzodiazepines than those receiving the standard treatment. Among those completing the two active programs there was no difference in outcome between the social support and the cognitive behavioral (PASSE) group. However, when the rate of dropout was considered, the cognitive-behavioral group proved significantly superior than the social support group. The results suggest that a cognitive-behavioral program can help people wishing to discontinue benzodiazepines to psychologically tolerate the immediate effects of discontinuation.

AbstractThe author criticizes first the ever-present perspective stemming from American Sociologist of Science and in particular from R. K. Merton and his students that the sciences are a vast autonomous social sub-system : A certain amount of empirical evidence (identity between the values and norms of science and political values, the "particularistic" basis of rewards, the politico-scientific role of scientists in developed countries, the politicization and unionization of scientists, etc) shows that the presumption of autonomy is indeed inappropriate and can no longer be justified in light of what we know today. Thus it is not possible for a sociologist of science, especially if he is studying science in the United States or in other Western countries, to ignore that influence of extrinsic social factors : his principal task is to explore the comparative and changing social functions of science and scientists.

ABSTRACTAvailable data on the impact of certain types of families is lacking, and the results are often misleading with respect to maladjustment. Following a description of variations in delinquent activity and behaviour problems according to family type, the authors analyse the difficulties in the operation of family systems. Comparisons of six family types apply to data from 763 boys aged 10, 319 female and 426 male adolescents, aged 14 and 15: intact families, father-based and mother-based single- parent families, father-based and mother-based reconstituted families and substitute families. The article's data show that in the late eighties, nearly 40 per cent of children and adolescents living in low-income districts in Montreal belonged to disunited families. In addition, the data confirm a classic observation: in comparison with intact families, disunited families are underprivileged in relation to living conditions, deficient in relation to psychosocial functioning, and propitious to behaviour problems and delinquent activity. In addition, it has been established that certain disunited family types represent a considerable risk factor. The damaging effect of family structure increases in the following order: intact families, mother-based single-parent families, mother-based reconstituted families, substitute families, father-based reconstituted families and father-based single-parent families. Finally, certain intervention methods are suggested to help prevent behaviour and family problems.

ABSTRACT The author identifies three community-based treatment models for adults with severe and persistent mental illnesses: the Program of Assertive Community Treatment (PACT) she has developed over the years with her colleagues in Madison, Wisconsin, the psychosocial rehabilitation center or clubhouse model as well as new consumer run programs and services. She describes the main characteristics of these models and examines results of research in regards to their efficiency to meet the needs of the clientele. Finally, she examines the implications involved for social workers as to their training, these models sharing methods and common values with this discipline.

Objectives Based on clinical experience and literature, this article aims to stimulate reflection among the actors involved concerning the organization of services and the interventions to be favored with young people living both a first episode of psychosis and a situation of residential instability or homelessness. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the literature on the situation of these young people and their needs, the challenges they face in their pathway within the healthcare system and the various interventions to consider with them both to prevent or exit homelessness.Method This literature review presents a narrative synthesis of articles from literature reviews or primary studies published in French or English between 1995 and March 2021, with a focus on the services and intervention practices implemented in Quebec in recent years. Certain interventions can be made at different periods of time in a young person's journey to change their trajectory and prevent homelessness or limit its duration and consequences. Throughout this article, a case study will illustrate these interventions occurring at different times in the life of a young person.Results The risk of residential instability and homelessness in young people living with emerging psychosis is higher than in the general population. This situation can contribute to the onset or worsening of psychosis due to the stress associated with difficult living conditions and the increased possibilities of victimization experiences. This great precariousness can also be the consequence of psychosis and its associated conditions. However, very few studies focus specifically on young people experiencing both a first episode of psychosis and a situation of homelessness or residential instability. The instability associated with homelessness complicates their pathway to mental health care, delays their access to the appropriate services and interferes with their engagement in follow-up. Interventions aimed at preventing homelessness include support in the transition to adulthood and identifying situations of residential instability. Regarding the organization of care, integrated mental health service centers for young people and the development of partnerships, networking and intersectorality make it possible to overcome certain challenges. Intensive outreach interventions models as well as interventions aiming residential stability are favorable to young people who are already experiencing homelessness.Conclusion Residential instability and homelessness imply several challenges faced by young people living with emerging psychosis concerning the access, the continuity and the quality of mental health services. Integrated interventions both to prevent or exit homelessness can be implemented to stem this problem.

Keywords: jeunes adultes, psychose émergente, itinérance, instabilité résidentielle, intervention, programme d'intervention précoce, services de santé mentale, soins de santé, accès aux services, engagement dans les services, young adults, emerging psychosis, homelessness, residential instability, intervention, early intervention program, mental health services, health care, access to services, engagement in services