Documents found
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1661.More information
SummarySince the arrival of the latest antidepressants, the possibility of a "cosmetic psychopharmacology" has been frequently evoked, presenting a number of moral questions. This paper draws up a critical summary of changes brought about by fifty years of psychotropic drugs: the domestication of insanity through the remote control of the insane, the pseudo-hiologizing of psychiatric thought and practice, and the phenomenal increase in indications for the regular consumption of psychotropic drugs through the multiplication of diagnostic categories and their compartmentalization. Personal accounts of chemical cures are being substituted for evaluations of therapeutic effectiveness, which nevertheless pales in comparison to the elusive placebo effect. In a context of increasing psychological distress, psychotropic drugs serve as fuel for an exercise in moral levelling in which the ideal of equality may be attained through pathology and its treatment.
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1662.More information
This research investigates the development of knowledge used by a "mediator" in the conception of computer simulation games. The aim is to formulate rules of mediation from which to develop working hypotheses. Within the framework of the Palo Alto School's theory of interpersonal communication and of an inductive approach, the author proposes three series of rules related to the behavior, of users, to the types of information transmitted and to the aspects dealt with in the communication.
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1664.
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1665.
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1666.More information
Propensity score methods become increasingly popular for estimating the causal effects of an intervention. If empirical applications of this method are still unusual in education researches, examples can be found easily in other fields. However, its implementation raises several questions. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance to educational researchers regarding the estimation and the utilization of the propensity score. The various stages of its application are presented step by step: evaluation of the selection bias, construction of the propensity score and measurement of its quality, and decision on the strategies to use in the estimation of treatment effects. Methodological issues are discussed at each stage. To facilitate the understanding, an example of an experiment in kindergarten illustrates the method.
Keywords: score de propension, appariement sur score de propension, pondération inverse sur les probabilités d'être traité, doubles différences, biais de sélection, propensity score, propensity score matching, inverse probability of treatment weighting, difference in differences, selection bias, pontuação de propensão, aparelhamento da pontuação de propensão, ponderação inversa sobre as probabilidades de ser tratado, diferenças duplas, viés de seleção
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1667.More information
The goal of this article is to start a dialogue between two studies: one on assisted reproductive technology (ART) and the other on adoption in Brazil. I will explore the analysis strategies and potential transfer and interaction between these two fields in a context of growth and expansion of the use of ART in Brazil. Using elements from these studies, I will analyze the underlying logic in each of these fields, including the options currently available, the option to choose the desired characteristics of a child, and the symbolic aspect of the experiences of pregnancy or meeting the adopted child. Although the expected end result of each of these processes is the same, namely to have a child, trying ART seems to precede the decision to adopt. The experience of certain infertile Brazilian couples who want children indicates the valorization of ART as part of the process of their qualification for adoption. Their attempts appear to have a ritual, symbolic function of mourning the idea of a biological child, which helps them to affirm the decision to adopt a child who has no genetic link to them.
Keywords: Reproduction assistée, adoption, famille, biotechnologie, Assisted reproduction, adoption, family, biotechnology