Search Results

The article presents the problematics and methodology of a research addressing sociovocational exclusion and the trends of sociovocational insertion practices by the group. It includes a description of the programs and group practices aiming at developing job-readiness; it pursues with an analysis of their characteristics and a discussion about their advantages and limitations. The authors conclude with an opening on complementary ecocnomic and social development practices.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the learning process that can be experienced by the participants of a community of practice designed based on a constructivist perspective of professional development. Data was analyzed according to Jarvis' model of human learning (2010). Results reveals that Jarvis' all four types of learning process, e.g. non-reflective learning, reflective or thoughtful or even a lack of immediate learning, can be experienced within a community of practice. Some learning processes can dominate according to the personal predispositions of the learners. These predispositions and the life-world influence the interpretation of the experience and therefore learning to practice and the person more experienced.

Keywords: Apprentissage professionnel, communauté de pratique, Professional Learning, community of practice

In France, there is a controversy on the affective dimension of teacher-student relationship. The field of educational psychology which deals with teacher-student relationship have not been integrated into teacher education. However, numerous studies have shown the positive effects for students of positive relationships with teachers (more closeness and less conflict). The objective of this study is to present the first French summary of the results of longitudinal studies showing the effects of the affective teacher-student relationship with adolescents. The 24 studies reviewed highlight positive academic effects and extra-school effects. These results are then interpreted in light of attachment theory and behavioral systems. In conclusion, research perspectives and practical implications are discussed.

Keywords: Adolescence, attachement, enseignement secondaire, relation affective, relation enseignant-étudiant, Adolescence, affective relationship, attachment, high school, teacher-student relationship

Homophobic bullying in schools has major consequences for victims, particularly among sexual and gender minorities. The school psychologist may be called upon to support these students in modes of prevention and intervention. While several studies have evaluated the impact of anti-bullying programs, there are few that describe school psychologists' perceptions of the actions of schools in this context. This study aims to describe the perceptions of Quebec school psychologists regarding homophobic bullying as well as the actions taken by the school to counter it. This article is based on qualitative data from individual interviews of 30 school psychologists, 15 men and 15 women. The results suggest that the main actions against homophobic bullying in schools are thematic weeks against homophobia, diversity awareness, anti-bullying plans and social skills learning programs. It appears that awareness-raising actions against homophobia and bullying, training for school staff, networking groups and standardizing approaches to counter bullying across schools are important measures, according to participating psychologists.

Keywords: psychologue scolaire, intimidation, homophobie, minorités sexuelles, santé mentale, school psychologist, bullying, homophobia, sexual minorities, mental health

The article focuses on the theoretical and empirical implications of humans and social bots copresence in digital social spaces. It examines how these entities are constructed trough media narratives and computer studies researches about the trouble they cause. The article shows how social robots' identification and categorization processes are also redefinitions of what constitute humanness. On this basis, the article defends the thesis that it becomes difficult to imagine a digital sociology that is exempt from the examination of these anthropomorphic nonhuman entities.

Keywords: Robots sociaux, anthropomorphisation, sociabilité numérique, social bots, anthropomorphization, digital sociability, Robots sociales, antropomorfización, sociabilidad digital

The psychic extensions of security from antique stoicism to neoliberal resilience : the “unconscious slave” as an adaptation technology. Vulnerability (from Latin vulnerare, to injure) refers to a degree of weakening that reduces the reserve of capacities accumulated by a human that are essential to resist stimuli and environmental aggression. Neoliberal globalization accelerates the cascading multiplication of destabilizing events and difficult living conditions, consisting of economic precariousness, social deprivation, ecological and health crises produced in series and experienced daily by populations. Under these conditions, resilience consists of a command followed by everyone and signing the end of their commitment in the world ; it is above all the obligation to resign themselves to their current state. However, this capacity to bounce back in force, to keep functioning by absorbing the shock in order to renew and adapt, can be found in antiquity with the Stoic doctrine, a technique for teaching a “slave morality” transformed into a lasting psychological disposition.

Keywords: résilience, sécurité, néolibéralisme, stoïcisme, biopolitique, cybernétique, servitude, épigénétique, resilience, security, neoliberalism, stoicism, biopolitics, cybernetics, subjection, epigenetics

University students consult more then ever the psychological services of their university for various mental disorders that may well have perfectionism as a common factor. It is therefore important to pay special attention to that matter. Several studies have been done on perfectionism of university students without offering a global view of the phenomenon. This article aims to fill this gap with an hypothetical theoretical model for a better understanding of the subjective experience of perfectionist students and to specify targets for intervention.

Keywords: perfectionnisme, étudiants universitaires, modèle théorique, perfectionism, universtity students, theoretical model

In this article, we present the results of a longitudinal study on the proportion of space devoted, on the one hand, to books of pseudosciences (paranormal, the occult, new age, methods of divination, etc.) and of sciences for adults; and on the other hand, on the proportion of space devoted to books of spirituality and sciences for children in the bookstores of Quebec. Two measures were taken, one in 2001 in 55 bookstores, and the other one in 2011 in 72 bookstores. Statistical analyses were conducted only on the measures taken in the bookstores that were visited at the two measurement times. Results from correlational analyses show that those bookstores that devote more space to books of pseudosciences for adults (n = 40) and to books of spirituality for children (n = 38) are the same in 2001 and 2011. Moreover, a repeated measures ANOVA indicate that the proportion of space devoted to books of pseudosciences for adults had decreased at the second measurement time, which is not the case for books of spirituality for children. After briefly revisiting the methodology and results, we put forward four reasons that may explain the popularity of pseudosciences, as well as a few ethical and social consequences from their fashion. In our concluding remarks, we suggest two solutions to promote scientific reasoning among adolescents and children.

Keywords: librairies, pseudosciences, science, étude longitudinale, bookstores, pseudosciences, science, longitudinal study

In the literature, there have been many studies devoted to adjustment to bereavement as well as to the variables related to it. The objective of our study is to determine and compare mourners' reactions many years after their loss as well as the factors generating complications, using two samples : death by suicide (n = 31) and death due to sickness (n = 38). Self-administered questionnaires were used in our inquiry to measure mourners' reactions to death (depression, traumas, and distress) and their bond style with the deceased person. We believe that two factors (variables) could lead to a complicated bereavement and necessitate an intervention : an insecure bond style and/or intense traumatic reactions.

Keywords: deuil, suicide, complications, attachement, grief, suicide, complications, attachment