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The purpose of this empirical article is to better understand the relationships to the law of lay or non-legal actors, and their probable connections with the legal consciousness of the various professionals with whom they interact. Qualitative research was conducted with beneficiaries of Québec's last-resort financial assistance program (programme québécois d'aide financière de dernier recours) and with professionals working within different legal cultures (health and social services, community advocacy organizations and legal services), who support beneficiaries in their medical, administrative and legal dealings with “social assistance”. Using case studies and cross-analyses, the article explains how different professional strategies shape the relationships of social assistance beneficiaries to the law. The discussion also identifies the continuums and internal conflicts that span various legal cultures — independent of institutional settings — and examines how they may affect and shape the legal consciousness of social assistance beneficiaries.

Keywords: aide sociale, rapports au droit, pratiques professionnelles, interactions sociales, recours administratifs et juridiques , Social assistance, relationships to the law, professional practices, social interactions, administrative and legal remedies, asistencia social, relación con el derecho, prácticas profesionales, interacciones sociales, procedimientos administrativos y jurídicos

In France, restorative justice was enacted by the law of August 15, 2014 and implemented with the ministerial circular of March 15, 2017. Using data produced for the study “Freins et leviers de la justice restaurative en France”, this article explains that restorative justice is not as much an alternative to the punitive model of justice as it is a response to the sociocultural evolution of legal professionals and social actors, especially with regard to their relationships to the law and judicial system. Fundamental to this evolution are the introduction of various communication structures and channels, and the renewed interest in issues relating to the conflictual dynamics of legal disputes. As examined in this article, restorative justice continues to impact the professional culture of criminal system actors, as well as the relationships of lay or non-legal actors to the law.

Keywords: justice restaurative, cultures juridiques, sociologie, justice, médiation, Restorative justice, legal cultures, sociology, justice, mediation, justicia restaurativa, culturas jurídicas, sociología, justicia, mediación

Adopting a framework based on interactionist sociology of emotions, the article presents the results of a qualitative study on 31 child protection workers in Quebec and the clinical functional impacts of the phenomenon of emotional difficulties reported on their professional relationship with children and their families. Negative impacts were reported by all clinicians (decrease of intensity in service delivery [N = 22], hurtful relationships with clients [N = 22], lack of empathy and helpful relationship [N = 20], decrease of work quality and objective and analytical abilities of clinicians [N = 16]). This research project directly associates work conditions to the protection of clinicians and to that of children in their care. It also shows that the emotional labor that must be produced by the worker following the institution's requirements (employer, academic institutions and professional orders) is at the heart of all professional interactions.

Keywords: travail émotionnel, sociologie interactionniste des émotions, protection de la jeunesse, culture organisationnelle, conditions de travail, pratiques de relation d'aide, emotional labour, interactionist sociology of emotional labour, child care protection, organizational culture, work conditions, intervention practices

On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the creation of psychoeducation as a university discipline, the developmental trajectory of psychoeducational intervention is traced on the basis of the events related to the evolution of its purpose (reeducation, readaptation and adaptation) and their repercussions on the diversification of its professional fields of activity. The transition from traditional practice (vocational call and power of action) to contemporary practice (professional discipline and power of knowledge) is characterized in terms of the evolution and the preponderance of clinical accompaniment, the exercise of an advisory role and the psychoeducational assessment. Research data and testimonials will support the statements made and the nature of the challenges psychoeducators face in their area of work. Given the variations in the conditions under which psychoeducation is practiced, the conclusion raises questions about the future of psychoeducational intervention.

Keywords: psychoéducation, évolution, pratique traditionnelle, pratique contemporaine, profession, psychoeducation, evolution, traditional practice, contemporary practice, profession

The workplace is a key determining factor in personnel health issues (e.g., musculoskeletal problems, depression, stress, burnout). Because of their duties, public safety personnel have an increased risk of developing mental health problems compared to the general working population. The following systematic review addresses the issue of the effectiveness of organizational procedures for public safety personnel resuming work, following an absence due to a mental health problem. An exhaustive search was conducted to gather the studies in the scientific literature from 1990 to 2019. Three studies were selected based on inclusion criteria and quality assessment. The effective procedures found indicate the following: 1) communication and inclusion is a priority for all the personnel in an organization in the long-term work resumption process; 2) the importance of exemplary follow-up of the procedure established upstream, by members of the organization such as occupational physicians or managers; 3) the impact of better trust; and 4) the impact of knowledge of mental health issues and of one's role on the effectiveness of the manager or occupational physician in the work resumption process. The main conclusion of this systematic review is that current procedures have a limited significant effect on worker long-term work resumption in these workplaces. Findings and recommendations are given.

Keywords: Retour au travail, Procédures organisationnelles, Santé mentale, Personnel de sécurité publique

Contemporary Indigenous mental health research is beginning to address colonization, contextualizing Indigenous health within a history of colonial relationships and inadequate mental health responses. In practice, however, dominant counselling models for mental health in Canada have neglected Indigenous perspectives and there is a paucity of research regarding interventions that address psychological trauma with Indigenous populations. We identified 11 Canadian studies that employed culturally appropriate trauma interventions within Indigenous communities. We discuss the findings in relation to the study participants, outcomes reported, and research design. Recommendations are provided to address the need for evidence-based trauma interventions that have efficacy for Indigenous people in Canada to address Indigenous historical trauma.

Keywords: mental health, historical trauma, trauma interventions, trauma counselling, Canada, Indigenous Peoples

Introduction. The nurse-patient relationship is a key element in recovery for individuals involuntarily hospitalized for first-episode psychosis. However, the power imbalance between nurse and patient in this context can be detrimental to the relationship. Indeed, it is difficult for nurses to provide person-centred care and to seek collaboration with the patient under the circumstances. Objective. The aim of this study was to co-construct a vision of the ideal relationship between nurse and involuntarily hospitalized patient based on the recovery model. Methods. An appreciative inquiry action-research approach was used to enable five individuals involuntarily hospitalized for a psychotic episode and five attending nurses to share their positive relational experiences. Participants then reflected on the experiences to identify the ingredients useful to building the ideal nurse-patient relationship in this context. Results. The positive factors to emerge included certain nurse attributes, nursing interventions and contextual factors. The nurse-patient relationship would be facilitated by a nursing practice that promotes hope, empowerment, and self-awareness in patients. Discussion and conclusion. Nursing education should aim to develop active listening and humanism in nurses to facilitate the nurse-patient relationship. Also, care should be organized to encourage nurses to take time to listen to patients and the care environment should be rendered as safe and secure as possible. More research is required to develop educational interventions for nurses and nursing care models where priority is given to nurses listening to what patients have to say.

Research Framework: Femmes d'Aujourd'hui , Belgium's first French-language women's magazine, is mainly aimed at a female readership and transmits a discourse on contraception, while contributing to its construction. Objectives: We analyze it through a long chronological perspective (1960-2010) with regard to societal and legislative transformations in Belgium. How is birth control presented? Who is responsible for it? How is it transmitted? Methodology: Using a qualitative approach based on a systematic analysis of the review, we report on the evolution of the discourse on contraception as a fundamental dimension of reproductive work. Results: Contraception is initially presented as a shared responsibility within the couple, in accordance with the Christian orientation of the magazine and its journalists. Subsequently, birth control gradually became an exclusively female responsibility. Contraceptives are classified according to criteria of effectiveness that are put forward by the medical profession. At the turn of the millennium, information on contraceptive methods diversified and gave way to criticism in readers' letters. Conclusions: By making the various methods visible with the aim of providing information above all, Femmes d'Aujourd'hui promotes a contraceptive and procreative norm. Thanks to contraceptive methods, motherhood can be achieved in compliance with social norms, prescribing in particular a certain time frame, when the type of contraceptive changes according to a maternity project. Finally, although it leaves room for debate via readers or journalists, the women's press paradoxically contributes to the gendered assignment of birth control. Contribution: The discourse on contraception in Femmes d'Aujourd'hui contributes to the diffusion of an injunction to motherhood. In our research, we identify procreative norms that contribute to this. These evolve in two phases linked to the societal and legislative context.

Keywords: parentalité, contraception, histoire, analyse de discours, travail procréatif, médias, parenthood, contraception, history, speech analysis, procreative labour, media

Keywords: Decroux, Grotowski, théâtre physique, bien-être de l'artiste, méthodes pédagogiques, corps

This article proposes a new conceptualization of interpersonal conflicts in organizations. This conceptualization is based on the articulation of four main dimensions: escalation processes in interpersonal communication; psychosociological phenomena such as social facilitation and identity processes and group life; individual trajectories, notably in terms of habitus; and contextual factors (including cultural dimensions). The study gauge the impact of cultural differences in proximity (local) management and conflict regulation. We apply this conceptual framework to three cases in three different countries: a social Center in France, a university in Canada, and a cultural organization in Russia. In each case, interpersonal relations are the decisive factor, either in the escalation of conflict or in the construction of exit ways to conflict. We conduct a comparative analysis of the three cases based on indices of cultural values in the meaning of Hofstede (1994), which shows that these indices are of poor explicative capacity.

Keywords: Communication interpersonnelle, conflit, habitus, psychosociologie des organisations, interculturel, Interpersonal communication, conflict, habitus, psychosociology of organizations, intercultural, Comunicación interpersonal, conflicto, habitus, psicosociología de las organizaciones, intercultural