Search Results

This paper examines the setting proposed by a group of psychoanalysts attempting to adapt psychoanalytic work to the social realities of urban environments in Brasília. Their work entailed a rethinking of the frame, taking into account the specificities of this urban context and the socio-political issues affecting its residents. The proposal involved an offer to listen within a context where unpredictability was an inherent part of the scenario: in the face of the urban environment's uncertainties, the collective of street psychoanalysts conceived of a frame which could ensure a measure of sustainability and reliability. Themes were identified and analyzed based on semi-structured interviews conducted by five participating analysts. Within this context, the idea of the analyst's internal framework was identified as key, since psychoanalytic practice outside of the classic framework forces the analyst to contend with varying and often ambiguous spatial, corporal, and sensorial boundaries, and with complex transferential dynamics, given that multiple analysts may be involved with a single patient.

Keywords: psychanalyse, cadre extérieur et intérieur, exclusion, souffrance psychique, psychoanalysis, external and internal framework, exclusion, psychic suffering

ABSTRACTA sampler of quality of life measures are reviewed so readers can assess their suitability for use in evaluations of psychiatric services. All measures are explored by examination of how they treat friends and family. Measures are also evaluated with regard to their stance on three theoretical issues: the use of objective and/or subjective indicators of QL status; inclusion of positive states of well-being within the scope of the measure; the viewpoint of the QL measure. Each of these issues are discussed within the body of the article. The authors' positions on these issues are that objective and subjective indicators compliment each other, that they are strong merits to measuring positive states of well being as well as negative; that all viewpoints have validity and there is risk accepting any viewpoints, but particularly the viewpoint of another, as a defining standard.

AbstractBipolar disorder is a severe mood disorder characterized by recurrence of mania and depression. Despite the use of mood stabilizers, a significant proportion of bipolar patients experience relapse, psychosocial impairment and persistent symptoms. A significant part of patients show poor adhesion to the pharmacological treatment. This article aims to provide an overview of research focusing on psychoeducational and cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) of bipolar patients. Method: Studies were identified through Medlinesearches between 1971 and 2005. Results: Studies on bipolar patients suggest that psychoeducational interventions may improve treatment adherence, illness knowledge, ability to cope with early manic symptoms and tend to reduce the risk of manic relapses. CBT tends to diminish depressive symptoms, improve treatment adherence and reduce the risk of depressive and manic relapses. Most psychoeducational and CBT studies share a common medical model of the illness, thereby making clear distinctions of impact of each intervention difficult. Few studies focused on patients with problems with mood stabilizers adherence. It is now important to develop specific interventions for those patients. Conclusion: According to these studies, bipolar patients are likely to benefit from psychoeducational or CBT interventions added to usual pharmacotherapy. In order to overcome limitations of existing research, future studies should adjust for the effect of pharmological treatment, the type and severity of psychopathology at baseline, the acceptance of and the adaptability to the illness and it's awareness.

Fear motivates individual and collective behaviors, which in turn drive human history. After an overview of a few indicators affording us a glimpse into the likely role of fear in the appearance of the city, we shall examine the fear experience in detail. Next we will embark upon its impact on memory and the development of children's brains. We will then see up to what point mental structures of fear are reproduced in our systems of rights and duties, concluding that the safeguard of our democracies goes through taming and recalling fear.

Keywords: peur, circuits neuronaux, développement émotif de l'enfant, droits de la personne, fear, neuronal circuits, child emotional development, human rights

Keywords: Impulsivité, psychiatrie, mesure, évaluation, prévention

ABSTRACTThe author proposes a review of three major theoreticians whose works are considered to be the corner-stones of theatrical studies : Aristotle, whose Poetics, the first reflexion on Occidental theatre, also serve as the foundation of the aesthetics of drama, and, closer to us, Antonin Artaud and Bertolt Brecht who, although unanimous in rejecting the Aristotelian theory, have quite different views on contemporary theatre. Their definitions are analyzed in the light of mimesis and catharsis, which are not taken here as separate notions, but rather as a mean of grasping the fluctuant outlines of the concept of "reality", be it Aristotle's obedience to a strict narrative structure, Artaud's denial of culture or Brecht's political commitment.

AbstractThis paper aims to describe an aspect of narrativity that has been largely ignored in the “classical” French narratology during the structuralist period. It focuses on the bond between passion and narration and shows that the passive dimension of both narrated action and the narration itself (in its dialogical form) is essential for the definition of what a story is. The cognitive aspect of interpretation shouldn't be discussed apart from the affects (tension, suspense, curiosity, surprise, fear and pity), which illustrate the passive dimension of the actualization of the plot, uncovering the uncertainty of the process of anticipation of the story. In exploring this aspect of narratives, the comprehension of their anthropological function can be revaluated and deepened, and the general conception of “plot” discussed after its resurgence in the narratological theories under the influence of Paul Ricoeur's works.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive and episodic disease. These characteristics of the disease progression make it different from other incapacitating conditions. To collect data on their social participation and to determine what personal factors influence it, 89 people answered questionnaires. Results expose some features of the disease that could influence social participation, such as diagnosis' duration, symptomatology and socioeconomic profile of those affected. ANOVA analysis show what factors influence social participation quality in two specific social roles: recreation and interpersonal relationships. Conclusion focus on the importance of social worker to accompany people with MS in facing all the changes in social role realization coming from the disease.

Keywords: participation sociale, sclérose en plaques, rôles sociaux, conséquences, social participation, multiple sclerosis, social roles, consequence