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SUMMARYThis team of five philosophers analyses the 18th and 19th century Quebec discourse on the subject of insanity. The 18th century saw the insane excluded from social contact with the state recognizing only their indigence. They were relegated either to the "Loges", designed to expiate their sins since insanity was linked to an abuse of mind and body, or to prison for appropriate punishment, since madness was considered to lead to crime. But economic pressures produced by the growing number in indigents, including the mentally ill, led to the creation of the Beauport asylum in 1845. The authors then describe how the urban insane, marginal to both the French Canadian and English Canadian communities* were placed in private institutions and subjected to a system of profit maximization controlled by bourgeois physicians. This situation increased the distance between proprietors and occupants, and accounts for the lack of original discourse on the subject of insanity. In addition, the reasoning of the alienist physicians was without scientific foundation, taking root rather in the dominant industrial capitalist ideology. As for the content of the discourse, the Beauport physicians borrowed from moral treatment and restraint system notions, giving them a certain Quebec character.

Context: The emotions associated with climate change, often referred to as eco-anxiety, are increasingly being studied under the broader term of climate emotions. This concept encompasses a variety of emotional responses (fear, anger, sadness, hope…) to the environmental crisis. Problem: The evolution of this concept over the years has complicated its measurement and limited the development of evidence-based interventions. Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to identify and analyze existing interventions aimed at addressing the spectrum of climate emotions. Methods: A search of PubMed, PsychInfo and Web of Science identified 1,217 articles, of which 20 were retained after applying the inclusion criteria. Results: The analysis reveals a variety of approaches, including theoretical recommendations, empirically tested interventions, and educational programs. Among the interventions reviewed, some are based on therapeutic approaches, such as acceptance and commitment therapy, while others are based on experiential and collective strategies, such as discussion groups, activism, or artistic and narrative practices. Conclusions: The findings highlight the lack of robust empirical evaluations, the predominance of qualitative approaches, and the need for longitudinal research. Psychoeducation, as a discipline specialized in psychological adaptation, could play a key role in supporting climate emotions by integrating these interventions into different life settings. This study provides recommendations for the development of programs tailored to the realities of individuals facing the psychological challenges of climate change.

Keywords: Écoanxiété, émotions climatiques, adaptation, intervention, psychoéducation, Ecoanxiety, climate emotions, adaptation, intervention, psychoeducation

This article presents ongoing doctoral research on the phenomena of derealization in the fields of psychology and comparative literature. The author outlines the choices that guided her research focus and the reasons that led her to adopt the clinical research interview method. Three types of interviews were conducted: the first focused on speech, the second on a tinkering process involving movable elements, and the third on a dialogue around a work of art whose derealizing atmosphere resonates with the research question. The article explores the gradual shift from a classical method to the use of creative devices aimed at liberating participants' speech and encouraging the expression of their emotions. The mobility of the elements symbolizes the fluidity of emotional processes, while immersion in the imaginary world of the artwork stimulates reflexivity. Creativity is encouraged through play rather than actual creation, and resistance from both the researcher and the participants gradually fades. The author highlights the contributions of these devices while emphasizing their limitations, in an effort to preserve the uniqueness of each testimony and the emotional richness specific to each experience.

Keywords: Méthodes d'entretien, entretiens cliniques de recherche, collecte des données, déréalisation, bricolage éphémère, médiations, créativité, Interview Methods, Clinical Research Interviews, Data Collection, Derealization, Ephemeral Bricolage, Mediations, Creativity

This study examines the relationship between the supervisory alliance and the development of reflective skills in future clinicians. Fourteen final-year psychology students and their supervisors completed the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory. They also responded to the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. The results indicate that the supervisory alliance predicts mentalization, though the temporal relationship remains uncertain. Interviews reveal improvements in emotion regulation and perspective-taking. Students who perceive a strong supervisory alliance at the beginning of the academic year tend to show greater improvement in their reflective skills compared to those who rate the alliance as weak. These findings suggest differences in student engagement in supervision, highlighting the need for potential adjustments in training practices.

Keywords: capacités réflexives, supervision, alliance de supervision, régulation émotionnelle, mentalisation, reflective skills, supervision, supervisory alliance, emotional regulation, mentalization

ABSTRACT For individuals affected by mild psychosocial problems, early psychotherapeutic treatments have the advantage of preventing various pathologies that would otherwise require a medical follow-up. Multiple benefits can thus be obtained for the individual and for the society in general, including present and future treatment cost reductions, as well as the individual's increased potential and productivity once they reach adulthood. A short-term psychotherapy program aimed at pre-school children and adapted to Quebec's socio-sanitary context was simulated in order to assess the advantages in terms of quality of life improvements and health service usage reductions. The cost-usage analysis shows that children treated for mild behaviour problems through shortterm therapy at a very young age will benefit from a better quality of life. Because they were treated at a very young age or as soon as initial symptoms manifested themselves, these benefits will also increase throughout their life. The costs sustained by the health care system are inferior to traditional treatments and care commonly used for these types of problems.

There is currently a growing interest in the use of psilocybin, a substance found in magic mushrooms, in psychiatry and palliative care, although this molecule is not new. Well studied in the 1950s and 1960s, the potential of psilocybin was explored but forgotten with the drug bans and the decline of counterculture in the 1970s. As interest in this substance is revived, questions arise about its potential in palliative care, potential beneficiaries, and access modalities for patients, thus prompting reflection on the implications of its use in the contemporary context of palliative care.

Keywords: Palliative care, Soins palliatifs, psilocybin, Psilocybine, existential distress, Détresse existentielle, psychedelix therapy, Thérapie psychédélique, psychotherapy, Psychothérapie, Pratique innovante, innovative practice

AbstractThe author describes the stages of elaboration of Transference Focused Psychotherapy (TFP) : choice of theoretical model, observation and analyses of several sessions of psychotherapy led by experienced therapists, team discussions on problems encountered that rise both from the pathology itself and from the therapeutic approach applied, a quest of empirical data to explain as much the personality disorder as its neurological and psychological roots, etc. The author reviews the efforts made to arrive at the description in writing of a manual on TFP, a manual that meets the criteria of a treatment method. Finally, the author summarizes studies conducted to measure the psychotherapeutic efficacy of the method and the possibilities of generalizability.

Since the early 2000s, it has been estimated that between 5% and 8% of Quebec youths have serious psychoactive substance (PAS) use problems, which raises the key issue of treatment for these problems. This article begins with an overview of the main services offered to youths and of the factors, related or not to treatment, that could explain the changes in the rehabilitation process for young Quebec addicts. The presentation of five studies conducted by the authors of this article provides the opportunity to reflect on the services offered to young Quebecers with PAS use problems. The studies show, notably, that youths' PAS use improves within six to twelve months following their entry into one of the treatments. Total abstinence is not usually involved, nor is it the goal for most youths when they enter treatment. Changes in other spheres of their lives, their occupations for example, are also noted. Results concerning psychological health are more mitigated. Youths' satisfaction with these treatments appears generally positive. Change factors identified by the youths include the therapeutic alliance, treatment in a group setting, parental support, associating with conformist peers as well as sports or artistic activities as alternatives to PAS use. Results regarding the trajectories show that there are several types of rehabilitation trajectories, that treatment success does not necessarily take the form of abstinence, especially not permanent abstinence, and that the trajectories are tortuous.

Keywords: Adolescents, toxicomanie, rétablissement, impact, traitement, satisfaction, Youth, drug addiction, recovery, impact, treatment, satisfaction, Adolescentes, toxicomanía, restablecimiento, impacto, tratamiento, satisfacción