Documents found
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2225.More information
AbstractABSTRACTCréoles : The State of the AnIn this article I define creole vernaculars sociohistorically. rather than strucrurally. and survey the literature that accounts for how they developed. In this exercise I explain the problems inherent to traditional definitions and what is not accounted for by current hypotheses of creole genesis. I argue that the best approach to theeeee subject matter is one that treats the development of creoles as a topic of historical and genetic linguistics. well grounded in the socio-economie histories in which these vernaculars developed. factoring in the relevant dialects of the lexifiers that came in contact with non-European languages. and articulating principles that govern the sélection of features from the competing varieties into the emerging vemacular.Key words: Mufwene. creole, substratum. superstratum. lexifier. relexification
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2226.More information
Brigitte Haentjens, well before her current renown in Montreal, first developed her artistic practice in Ontario between 1977 and 1990. She is remembered for her anti-establishment stance yet, paradoxically, this seemingly anti-intellectual and anti-academic artist nonetheless showed exceptional ease with concepts and discourse which brought her to the very heart of the Franco-Ontarian establishment, becoming Artistic Director of the Théâtre du Nouvel-Ontario from 1982 to 1990 and the foundational president of the Association nationale des théâtres francophones hors-Québec from 1984 to 1990. In Ontario, she was a community-engaged artist who wasn't afraid of challenging that very community. Haentjens, a foreigner who became a most intimate member of her adopted Franco-Ontarian theatre community, insisted on the importance of proactive and well-articulated advocacy in the face of assimilation and social intimidation. This article offers a historiography and an overview of the evolving discourse of the director in her interviews, opinion pieces and articles during her pivotal and formative years in Ontario.
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2228.More information
A quantitative and qualitative study of the benthos of Ruisseau des Anges (Montcalm County, Quebec), in an agricultural area, in 1986 to 1988 was undertaken to evaluate the effects of ditching operations in 1987.Sampling included upstream zones where the ditching occurred, downstream stations, and control areas. All streams were enriched, particularly in nitrogen, and their benthic fauna was dominated by Tubificidae (Oligochaeta). Even the control area had a reduced fauna dominated by Chironomidae (Diptera), Sphaeriidae (Mollusca), Elmidae (Coleoptera) and Sialidae (Megaloptera), all resistant to pollution. The ditching operations eliminated the accumulated mud and destroyed the vegetation winch choked the streams. This allowed a colonization by Chironomidae. However, by the fall of 1988 much silting had occurred and the Tubificidae reestablished, though not in the high densities of 1986. Any improvement of the benthic fauna was marginal and shortlived, as silting and organic pollution restored the degradated conditions in the absence of erosion control. The use of several biotic indices to assess stream conditions showed that these are often unsatisfactory in lowland streams.
Keywords: Benthos, curage, ruisseaux, agriculture, indices biologiques, Benthos, ditching, streams, agriculture, biological indices
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2230.More information
Portuguese narrative fiction is plentiful of food and drink references, which vary in meaning and function accordingly to the historical context of production. The peripathetic Portuguese brought culinary knowledge from abroad mainly since the 16th century, merging cultural changes of food and drink with practices from their country of origin. This was a turning point in the history of Portuguese narrative fiction, for it made more present the concept of the "other" through consumption habits. An extremely short travel between 16th and 19th narrrative fiction examples intends to highlight some uses of food and drink as topoi in historical and cultural context, asserting the relevance of this resource to articulate identities and alterities.