Documents found
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171.More information
Based on a critical redefinition of the concepts of “trace,” “mark” and “memory site,” this article analyses some novels by Ahmaodu Kourouma and looks at other unconventional and untraditional venues where memory is archived. Anonymous social subjects that bear the painful marks of a tragic social history generally host these venues. That results into the elaboration of a body and spatial memory that are generally constituted by the movements that characters are forced to undertake. These movements help leave traces and marks in narratives where some protagonists are reminiscent of war figures that were actually involved in some recent African dramas. In this sense, even though it exposes other sites of memory, the novels analyzed in this essay are significantly reminiscent of reality and constitute a source of historical knowledge.
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172.More information
Putting the interviewee face-to-face with a significant other, a sociological interview calls on one to organise an identity life-history. This article problematises the constraints of this sociological method, questioning the meaning of the data and the self-identifications thereby collected. It uses interviews with women older than 50 to do so. These interviews uncover complex discourses shaped by socially acceptable notions of time as well as by selective memories and by the body, itself key to identity. Identifying oneself involves naming, with difficulty or easily, the accomplishments of one's life, whether they fit or not with social norms. Such life-stories produce an unstable image of an identity, a self with changeable time frames, thereby creating difficulties for the sociologist who must interpret it.
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173.More information
In the early 1990s, Radio-Canada Saskatchewan produced a series of 23 television sketches with the objective of celebrating (and inciting celebration of) the memories of 23 families who contributed to giving the Fransaskois community its current identity. In November 2011, I published Histoire(s) de famille(s): mémoire et construction identitaire en Fransaskoisie, a work in which I analysed these 23 tales of living memory along with the manner in which a cultural identity was constructed through broadcast of these tales. In another article, “Images (télévisuelles) d''images-souvenirs'“, I raised the question of whether an undertaking such as these sketches broadcast on Radio-Canada contributed to the establishment of an artificial collective memory and, therefore, to the institutionalization of this collective memory—the cumulative memory of 23 families thus being manipulated and reduced to a number of common characteristics or themes and pressed into the service of an ideological aim, which would in turn fall within the scope of an institutional Canadian vision. This article follows in the footsteps of this vision. Basing my reflections on the work of Todorov, Ricoeur and Méchoulan, I raised the question of how francophone identities in the Canadian West are formed and how academic research plays a central role therein. In other words, are francophone identities in the Canadian West fabricated from A to Z through the intercession of institutional actions?
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174.More information
Baudelaire was one of the first writers in France to introduce semantic obfuscation into poetic discourse.Thus, the study of the sonnet "A une passante" allows a better understanding of the complexity of sense in modern poetry, linked to the transformation of the notion of subjectivity. This text makes use of psychoanalytic, phenomenological and linguistic approaches in order to crystallize a series of methods by which one can discuss subjectivity in language. Similarly, Baudelaire uses the principle of analogy to elaborate another set of tools with which he innovates in modernity.The present study takes its inspiration from the postulat de la référence of Paul Ricoeur, inseparable from textual reading, which test on three basic criteria : 1) the text as the unit of discourse ; 2) the tradition within which the discourse is set and 3) the stylistic particularities that allow the originality in the work to be discerned.
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176.More information
AbstractInteractive digital arts elaborate immersive strategies which involve the spectator in an historical and embodied journey inside virtual worlds inhabited by intelligent agents. By proposing the ideas of “interactantiality” and “meso-narrativity” within the context of Digital Cinema and Video Game, this paper approaches the specificities of the digital narrativity ecologically situated. In those new fictions, real persons share the ontological characteristics of fictional characters.
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177.More information
As early as the birth of Quebec literature as part of the configuration of the Quebec national identity, the relationship between the capture of the Self and the understanding of the Other formed the focus of most literary works. Today, with the emergence of migrant or new Quebecois writers (differentiated from native Quebecois writers), the Self and the Other become entangled in that their boundaries disappear in a new form of writing known as “migrant writing”. This article examines the depiction of identity in the first novel Kimchi by Ook Chung, a Quebecois writer originally from East-Asia. We first rely on the works by Charles Taylor and Paul Ricoeur on the concept of identity to study the dialectic between the Self and the Other in the main character's search for identity. Then, Chung's language is analysed from a cross-cultural standpoint according to the concept of “hybridity” coined by Homi Bhabha. Finally, we examine the role of art and writing in the construction of identity in Chung's novel.
Keywords: Identité, altérité, hybridité, écriture, langue, culture, Identity, otherness, hybridity, writing, language, culture
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178.More information
Hermeneutic phenomenology is a research method used in qualitative research in the fields of education and other human sciences, for example nursing science. It is a widely used method example in Scandinavia, and Van Manen is well known for his hermeneutic phenomenological method. In many studies the hermeneutic phenomenological method is inarticulate or ambiguous. Researchers generally lack a common understanding of what this method actually is. One reason for that is that the expression “hermeneutic phenomenological method” is contradiction in terms. Hermeneutics and phenomenology have their own distinct history. Hermeneutics and phenomenology as philosophical disciplines have their own distinct aims and orientations. Hermeneutic is orientated to historical and relative meanings. Phenomenology in Husserlian sense is orientated to universal and absolute essences. Martin Heidegger connects hermeneutics and phenomenology in very sophisticated manner as hermeneutical phenomenology and he provides a very specific definition of his brand of phenomenology. For Heidegger, hermeneutical phenomenology is the research of the meaning of the Being as a fundamental ontology. However, this kind of phenomenology is of no use for educational qualitative research.
Keywords: Phenomenology, Hermeneutics, Educational research, van Manen
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179.More information
According to Paul Ricœur, “Time becomes human to the extent that it is articulated through a narrative mode, and narrative attains its full meaning when it becomes a condition of temporal existence” (Ricoeur, 1984). From this perspective, narrative is our principal tool for situating ourselves in time—and for experiencing time within ourselves. The digital, on the other hand, may be characterized as “a tool for the phenomenal deconstruction of temporality” (Bachimont 2010). This is reflected in its two main tendencies: that of real time calculation, conveying the impression of immediacy, and that of universality of access, conveying the impression of availability. What happens then when we exploit the particularities of digital technology to tell a story? What kind of temporal experiences are constructed by new forms of digital narrative, and how are they constructed? Reciprocally, what new narrative forms, or even new concepts of narrative do these new temporal experiences provided by digital technology offer to us? Through the examples of three types of digital stories, including an interactive narrative for the smartphone based on notifications, a web narrative based on a real time data flow, and the widely used social media feature of stories, this article presents the diverging potentialities of the relationship between the digital, temporality, and narrative.
Keywords: Jeu vidéo, Récit, Écriture numérique, Temporalité, Notification, Réseaux sociaux, Fiction, Narration, Paul Ricœur, Video game, Narrative, Digital writing, Temporality, Notification, Social networks, Fiction, Narration, Paul Ricœur