Documents found
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371.More information
Diversity – whether social, cultural, ethnic or religious – challenges the provision of health care services on a daily basis. This variable characteristic of patients and health care providers shapes the encounter between migrants and non-migrants, minority and majority members of different identities and belongings to national or ethnic origins, social status and religious affiliations. Clinical encounters are traversed by this diversity and become a social space for the negotiation of knowledge, norms and values (care-receiver/care-giver/family). Beyond the specifics of the health care context and the care-giver/care-receiver relationship, the quality of social relationships within the clinic is not exempt from local societal dynamics. The hospital is also a site where recent migrants happen to intersect with local institutions, surpassing its symbolic role as a site of care. The hospital is a political and apolitical actor in the city. From a comparative study of Canadian pediatric hospital settings, we will discuss the relational dynamics (care-receiver/care-giver/family) within therapeutic areas (complex, acute and chronic care) paying attention to situations marked by conflict. We will explore how the negotiation of norms and values in these contexts may facilitate the emergence of a plural medical practice, in synchronization with the locality. This negotiation is largely dependent on the recognition or lack of recognition of the Other in the clinical space. Consequently, health care settings are becoming a context which enables us to understand the changing relationship dynamics in cosmopolitan milieus.
Keywords: Fortin, pratiques cliniques hospitalières, diversité, altérité, relation patient-soignant, reconnaissance, conflit, anthropologie, Fortin, Hospital Medical Practice, Diversity, Otherness, Health Care Provider-Patient Relationship, Recognition, Conflict, Anthropology, Fortin, prácticas clínicas hospitalarias, diversidad, alteridad, relación paciente/trabajador de la salud, reconocimiento, conflicto, antropología
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374.More information
In France, moral and civic education was introduced by the 2013 law reforming French schools. Its aim was to provoke questioning of values. However, how may we differentiate between individuals' values and the common values underpinning the schools of the French republic other than by making a distinction between deontologically inspired ethics aimed at the faraway horizon of universality and ethics which results from a specific position? This article aims to deal with the subject's two axes of construction — the first is vertical and inherited from the secular ideal of the Enlightenment while the second is influenced by subjectivity. The axiological construction of a pupil is effectively fuelled by his or her sensibility, the bedrock of moral reflexivity. The question remains to be answered regarding training teachers to implement innovative systems and above all to carry out a hermeneutic interpretation of a professional identity which cannot and must not neglect ethics.
Keywords: délibération, morale laïque, réflexion éthique, valeurs propres, valeurs communes, deliberation, secular morals, ethical thought, individual values, shared values
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376.More information
This research questions the prevention and health promotion practices developed for young people, in France, and re-examines the nature of competences enlisted in the classical model of empowerment in health education. Moving away from the epidemiological postulate of evidence based medicine (EBM), it explores another approach of these educational practices. The research uses the perspective of narrative mediation; it tries also to identify issues about a better knowledge of oneself, making more comprehensive the issues of young students' health.
Keywords: Éducation, santé, autonomisation, savoirs expérientiels, narration, attention, Health education, empowerment, experiential knowledge, narrative-based medicine, care
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378.More information
The article is an introduction to a sociological reading of the social as a symbolic activity, expression that should be understood in a very large sense. The author proposes, as an indication, five ways to carry out this reading. Social work can then be analysed as a work on the social link based on the language mechanism. The end of the article proposes an interpretation of social work as a communication action, beyond the technical and instrumental aspects of its activity and the strategical aspects of its organization.
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379.More information
Faced with the fall of universal ideals, our society is trying to revive a discussion on morality, which, in view of the drives it was meant to suppress, is often at an impasse. We present two approaches to this failure. Kant’s attempt to explain the ethical foundation in all purity, is confronted with the obstacle of “radical evil”, of which the nazi morality is a perfect example. The Kantian solution is the heart’s conversion to the ideal image of a desire, with the help of the divine Other. Freud calls this moral requirement the Superego. Through this authority, civilization tries to limit human aggression, without succeeding in reducing its potential. The failure of the educational undertaking of moralization seems obvious. Today, the ultimate demand is satisfaction at any price! At the same time, the interest of the individual turns inward, rather than opening to what lies beyond the satisfaction of personal drives. In such a context, the task of the educator is to re-establish a space for listening and speaking in which the learner can experience a lack of knowledge, stimulating the desire to learn. This is the condition under which he will be able to follow the path of the invention of new knowledge.
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380.More information
I explore how comparison might look from a hermeneutic perspective. I use the discussion as a means to clarify some of the positive attributes of hermeneutics and to respond to some of the criticisms and misunderstandings to which interpretive anthropology has been subject.