Documents found
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543.More information
This article aims to shed light on the contribution of reflections concerning the notion of “present time” in contemporary French historiography, reflections that are mainly, though not limited to, those drawn from the researches of the Institut d'histoire du temps présent founded by François Bédarida in 1978. After providing a brief overall picture of the epistemological context of the second post-war period, I propose to include three stages of legitimization of this controversial historian's practice (manifestation, assessment and simplification), stages that correspond to the various successive states of arguments in favour of studying the contemporary. The issue, then, is to demonstrate how those who defend the history of the present time have thought about history while taking a position vis-à-vis general historiography.
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544.
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545.More information
At the core of David Gascoyne's poetry lies a tension between reinterpreting alchemical symbols and depicting desymbolized landscapes, a crux derived from the difficulty of envisioning The Second World War. While it may be tempting to devise new symbolic patterns so as to make sense of the coming horror, all such constructs ultimately boil down to stylistic interplays disassembling their mythical components. As such, they prefigure a different aspect of Gascoyne's poetry in which European landscapes are gradually emptied of all symbolic resonance. The situation thus depicted is akin to the modernist wastelands where “the loss of all man-measured value” triggers a new hermeneutics dependent on subjective revaluation. In this respect, Gascoyne's deconstruction of alchemical symbols acts as a bridge between elegiac intonations inherited from modernism and the post-modern rejection of essentialist tenets.
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546.More information
The status of the mental representations during reading was the object of only a few in-depth studies. The founding works in literary theory focus especially on the abstract dimension of these representations. The cognitive sciences, for their part, are also interested in the modalities of the understanding of texts, but do not take into account either their aesthetic dimension or the peculiarity of the act of reading. We suggest establishing an interdisciplinary dialogue to show that the mental representations contain sensory, emotional and abstract constituents.
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547.More information
If education has always been connected with responsibility simply because the word educare by definition involves nourishing, raising, cultivating, the past few years have witnessed, both in Quebec and in Europe, a redefinition in various ways of the sharing of responsibilities among participants in the educational system. This text presents the principal areas concerned by this redefinition (school management, educators, learners) and briefly analyzes certain issues and tensions caused by it in terms of moral responsibility and the main meanings assigned to it in the scientific literature. Moreover, it introduces articles of this special issue that report research analyses and results which eloquently illustrate various contemporary dimensions of responsibility in education.
Keywords: responsabilité en éducation, système éducatif, éthique, recherche, rôle des acteurs, responsibility in education, educational system, ethics, research, actors' role, responsabilidad en educación, sistema educativo, ética, investigación, papel de los actores
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548.More information
For Aki Shimazaki, writing is above all the beginning of an unusual mental journey in which thought, memory and secrecy are combined with an attenuated expression that is almost never quite direct, and in which intentions are evasive and tend to melt away. While playing with appearances, she denounces the role of appearances in Japanese culture. In a back-and-forth movement between memory and expression, she defines a complex world in which origins, truth, lies, culture and tradition are questioned. This article examines the forms taken by the transition from memory to expression. Beyond its specific cultural context, Shimazami's Orientalism fully belongs to world literature and to Quebec literature, whose concerns it shares.
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549.More information
What can Boris Diop's literary work do? Paraphrasing Jean-Paul Sartre's famous question, this reflection aims to identify the discursive and artistic functions the Senegalese writer associates with his literary practice. However, it is in the dialogical relationship to the world and memories of the world that one must look for the keys to Boris Diop's narrative's semantics and semiotics justifying the switch from one written language to another, transforming the translation act into a narration act and contributing to make African literature the symbolic space of an alternative power.
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550.More information
This article proposes a poetic reading of the psychic process of grieving taken up in Hans Jürgen Syberberg's Hitler: A Film from Germany and attempts to provide a key for interpreting this singular work aesthetically, by bringing the film's systems of space and time into confrontation with those of the arts of memory. Drawing on these mnemonic practices, which seek to structure thought through the “images” (imagines) and the “locations” (loci) of memory, the author explores the artistic dimension of grieving in Syberberg's film through three examples which reveal a progression in the operations of psychic mutation of the image of Hitler. What forms and functions does the filmic apparatus take in these operations of spatializing and mechanizing the remembering and forgetting involved in the process of grieving?