Documents found
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171.More information
For some time now, within the sub-discipline of studies on security, a passionate debate has been opposing the supporters of research on peace and the theoreticians of strategic studies. This often emotional and controversial debate interferes considerably with the emergence of a truly scientific approach to the study of conflicts. It is from such an angle that this article reviews this dissension in strategic studies. It aims to assess and to criticize those arguments which dispute the legitimacy of the strategic approach in international relations. It is suggested that the factitious conflict between "pacifists" and "strategists" can and must be overcome in order for this sub-discipline to be recognised at truly university level.
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172.More information
Cette recherche vise à développer une stratégie d'enseignement amenant l'élève à s'engager dans son apprentissage. La revue des écrits sur ce sujet nous fait découvrir que l'engagement dans l'apprentissage est stimulé par l'autoquestionnement de l'élève. Aussi, cette recherche s'oriente-t-elle vers le développement d'une stratégie de mise en questionnement de l'élève. À cet effet, le schème des opérations de la conscience intentionnelle développé par Angers et Bouchard apparaît le modèle d'apprentissage tout indiqué sur lequel appuyer cette stratégie. Les objectifs fixés pour développer cette stratégie sont : 1) élaborer une stratégie de questionnement se fondant sur le schème des opérations de la conscience intentionnelle d'Angers et Bouchard; 2) expérimenter cette stratégie auprès de quelques groupes d'élèves; 3) décrire les effets de cette stratégie; et, 4) en …
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176.More information
AbstractThe town is an obvious component of a conflict, being at the same time the battleground, the instrument, and the stake. This reflection, starting from geopolitical observations and research on the situation in the Near East, attempts to shed light on the links between cities, and political and military strategies. In doing so, it is possible to measure the complex, sometimes contradictory but true nature of this link, around which political and military strategies materialize according to changing power relationships. During the conflicts which have punctuated the history of the Near East, three strands of the political and military strategies of Israel and its Arab neighbours can be identified : open warfare, the buffer zone (or glacis), occupation and annexation. What is the place of the city in these strategic axes ? The city is omnipresent in the war context, making it possible to identify three situations : the destroyed city, the occupied city, the resulting city. In each case, Beirut and more generally Lebanon's cities, Palestinian cities or “city-colonies,” the Homa Oumigdal of Jewish settlements in the West Bank are reliable examples. Thus, we attempt to show how cities can bring about a spatial dimension of thought, both political (ideological) and military, illustrated by deeds and facts.
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177.More information
Associations face the pressure of institutional isomorphism (Di Maggio & Powel, 1983), and adapt by implementing various strategies. To manage the effect this institutional pressure generates, associations use a large range of strategies. This research offers a typology of the strategies associations can use to adapt to isomorphism, based on 24 case studies. The extent to which the strategies are implemented vary depending on the institutional context in which the organisation operates, and thus show some strategic awareness for associations.
Keywords: Stratégies, isomorphismes, associations, typologie, Strategies, isomorphism, associations, typology, Estrategias, isomorfismos, asociaciones, tipologías