Documents found
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351.More information
In this article, we point out the connection between CIT (Communication and Information Technologies), strategy and labour organization specific to SMEs through the study of the function of CIT. The aim is to better understand the behaviour of SME in dealing with the use of CIT and to anticipate their developments.We use an interpretation grid presenting four functions of information, its management and technologies : not only are the functions of information operational (to make or sell better, cheaper and so on) but also social. Information is also useful to show a certain efficiency or quality and to reassure or reassure oneself.1) The « integrated » have a coherent long term vision between the use of CIT and their own strategy, 2) the “under-pressures”, driven by the environment and not very sensitive to social issues, 3) the “one-eyed”, for whom CIT is more embarrassing than useful at least for one activity, 4) the “feverish” and 5) the “hyperactive”, who need to clarify their strategic position.From this perspective, we show the functions of CIT for SMEs and define five typical behavioural patterns which are more or less coherent with the strategy of the company : some recommendations for steps to be taken can be infered.
Keywords: Technologie de l'information et de la communication (TIC), Petites et moyennes entreprises (PME), Stratégie d'entreprise, Organisation du travail, Fonctions des TIC, Utilisation des TIC
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355.More information
La recherche en intelligence artificielle dans les jeux de stratégie en temps réel (RTS) fait face à plusieurs challenges. Parmi eux figure le raisonnement spatial, qui est lié à chaque aspect de l'exploitation du terrain. Les travaux de recherche récents en raisonnement spatial se focalisent principalement sur les aspects de bas niveau (réaction, tactique), et ce, sans considérer le niveau plus élevé (stratégie), dans lequel le raisonnement spatial pourrait améliorer la qualité des décisions. On propose dans ce mémoire une approche destinée à donner une plus grande importance au raisonnement spatial sur le plan stratégique dans les RTS. On souhaite construire une stratégie pour chaque partie en fonction de l'analyse du terrain effectuée sur la carte de jeu, dans le but d'augmenter la capacité d'adaptation …
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356.More information
La thèse de doctorat cherche à comprendre comment se met en forme la stratégie qui émerge dans le contexte d'une collectivité mutualiste, sociale, coopérative ou en réseau. L'objet d'étude porte donc sur la formation et l'exécution de la stratégie qui émerge à partir d'une orientation ou d'une intention générale qui devrait se mettre en place dans la concertation et l'action collectives. Pour ce faire, le chercheur plonge dans une étude de cas réalisée dans le réseau des caisses Desjardins de la Mauricie dont les dirigeants voulaient se donner une stratégie à l'échelle régionale qui impliquerait les caisses membres, sur une base volontaire, dans le développement socio-économique du milieu. Avec une stratégie de recherche-action, le chercheur étudie comment les membres de cette collectivité s'y prennent pour …
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357.More information
Case studies in climate ethics are quite scarce in the existing scientific literature, and ethical decision-making tools are not yet implemented in this literature. As such, this paper aims to examine a case study on climate change adaptation in the Swiss Alps (Guttannen) in which ethical decision-making tools are thoroughly constructed to inform and accompany climate action and local governance. To this end, two models of practical ethics will be discussed in this analysis, namely pragmatist environmental ethics and methodological principlism. In addition to clarifying how such a harmonization of moral orientations can work when applied to a particular climate context, we explore, both normatively and descriptively, the various value and climate justice challenges arising out of the actual conditions of the terrain under study.
Keywords: éthique, justice, adaptation aux changements climatiques, pragmatisme environnemental, principalisme, Guttannen, Suisse, ethics, justice, climate change adaptation, environmental pragmatism, principlism, Guttannen, Switzerland
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358.More information
In this paper, the author draws attention to particular aspects of United Nations strategy adopted at the International Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo in September 1994. Emphasis is put on the particular vision of reproductive rights and gender equality promoted by the ICPD Program of Action. In her final commentaries, the author suggests a few areas of debate inspired by solutions to the « problem » of population growth put forward by the international community in Cairo.
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359.More information
ABSTRACTInfluential postcolonial theories have successfully shown that the failure to recognize the value of certain cultural forms inflicts a form of harm. What these theories fail to note is that small, prosperous nations also require a politics of recognition as a result of the asymmetrical nature of relations governing major and minor cultures. To prove this point I consider aspects of contemporary Danish cinematic production. I attempt to identify the strategy for recognition that is best suited to filmmakers belonging to small, but prosperous nations.