Search Results

Organizational managers are called upon to play a key role in preserving and promoting organizational health in times of major social disruption or change. Yet, scientific evidence is limited on the conditions that allow managers to implement actions supporting organizational health. It is crucial to take an interest in this question, considering that managers are among the organizational actors most affected by psychological health problems, while they are those who must face and reduce the impact of external disturbances linked to social changes affecting the organization. The objective of this article is to propose a conceptual model that clarifies the role of managerial compassion as a lever of organizational health, by identifying mediating mechanisms and a moderating condition specific to the psychological state of the managers themselves. Therefore, we suggest that psychosocial type organizational processes play a mediating role in the relation between managerial compassion and organizational health, while managerial distress, induced by extra-organizational stressors, acts as a moderator. To this end, we propose integrating the theory of cognitive resources and the literature on work distress to develop our model. The contributions of this model to the advancement of the theory on managerial compassion and organizational health in times of social and economic disruption will be discussed.

Keywords: Compassion managériale, organizational health, processus psychosociaux, managerial compassion, détresse managériale, managerial distress, santé organisationnelle, psychosocial processes, épuisement émotionnel, emotional exhaustion

Although the eras, places and protagonists underlying the diegesis of these two bestsellers (written in English but whose French translation was just as resounding) are different, Lewis and Stoker, a hundred years apart, achieve a representation of abjection that feeds on the same aesthetic of horror (theorized by Ann Radcliffe) which served as a pillar for the development of a whole section of the “fantastique-merveilleux”, a todorovian category rooted in the unexplained supernatural, in a context where the devil seems to explicitly or implicitly pull several strings. From this perspective, with the help of a few case studies centered mainly on two manifestations of the abject — the corpse and the satanic presence, we propose to question the film adaptation of these two novels to answer the following question: does abjection — both in its psychological and phenomenological dimension as developed by Julia Kristeva, and in the cultural or anthropological aspect, as developed by Georges Bataille, although solicited in both novels, export as effectively among moviegoers who, on the one hand, are overexposed to an escalation of macabre images in Coppola’s Dracula, while, on the other hand, they must imagine them in Moll's Monk?

Islamic insurance, or takaful by another name, is the outcome of a combination of religion, ethics and law. Islamic insurers aim to provide a financial assistance to needy people essentially in order to satisfy Allah who commands that the members of Muslim communities help each other in any circumstances. They therefore rely on models of contracts which are in conformity with the tenets of Islam and they have to make sure that they do not lay themselves open to the accusations of gharar (uncertainty), maysir (gambling) and riba (usury/interest) which are against the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. The first takaful company was established in 1979 and about 180 Islamic insurers are thriving in more than 35 countries nowadays, so that a few conventional insurers are beginning to consider their development with some awe.

Over the past few decades, the composition of francophone migratory flows entering Ontario has changed. Using quantitative analyses based on Canadian censuses from 1991 to 2016, the authors attempt to shed light on what characterizes these new configurations. To do so, they look at the provenance of these migrants (i.e., whether they come from Quebec, Canada or abroad). In addition, they seek to understand the changing composition of these migratory flows and the new trajectories that emerge from them. The authors propose a typology of Franco-Ontarian migration regimes that allow clarifying the hypotheses that underline the importance of French-Canadian continuity, as well as the hypotheses that view it as a break with the past.

Keywords: francophonie, immigration francophone, démographie historique, sociologie des religions, religions au Québec, religions au Canada, francophonie, Quebec, Ontario, francophone immigration, historical demography, sociology of religions, religions in Quebec, religions in Canada

AbstractCausal Analysis and BiographiesThis article wants to be a contribution to thé theory of causal analysis in qualitative research as well as to thé causality debate in thé social sciences. Resituating " causal analysis " in ils broad Weberian sensé, thé methodological development is based on two studies in thé field of thé sociology of criminal law, thaï used biographies. The rôle of paradigmatic questions in causal analysis is discussed and two possible ways of causal imputation are shown. The author suggests to distinguish between first and second order effects. while questioning their theoretical and methodological status in qualitative research. He concludes by a structural solution to thé logic of causation.

This article examines the experiences of Muslim Canadian women who find themselves in a position in which they are confronted with and haunted by a series of discursive figures. More precisely, we consider how these hegemonic figures affect our female Muslim Canadian participants and how these figures delimit, to a certain extent, their discourses and actions. Feminine figures also exist and circulate in significant ways, but we focus here on three masculine archetypes, which were recurrent in our data that we have named : the Terrorist, the Enlightened Man, and the Patriarch. While masculine figures, they appeared most often in the narratives of the daily lives of our female participants. Specifically, we consider how our female participants engaged with these figures : in certain cases, they (re)produced or (re)activated them, in others they (re)appropriated them, and in others still, they ignored and silenced them. Their hegemony meant that our participants were inevitably impelled to construct, reconstruct and deconstruct these ever-present figures. Drawing on qualitative interviews conducted with self-defined Muslims in Montreal, Quebec and St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, this article makes two arguments in relation to these figures. In the first place, with reference to, and in contrast with, previous theoretical interventions on figures, we trace the relationships between them and show how they are not mutually exclusive ; rather, they activate one another. In the second place, we point to the complexities laden in the positions in which our female participants find themselves. In sum, even if we focus on masculine figures, more generally we engage with them to think more broadly about the fields of power in which Muslim Canadians are forced to engage.

Keywords: Selby, Barras, Beaman, musulmanes canadiennes, les figures, le Terroriste, le Patriarche, l'Homme éclairé, islamophobie, Selby, Barras, Beaman, Muslim Canadians, Figures, the Terrorist, the Enlightened Man, the Patriarch, the Pacifist, the Good Citizen, Islamophobia, Selby, Barras, Beaman, musulmanas, canadienses, las figuras, el Terrorista, el Patriarca, el Hombre ilustrado, islamofobia

AbstractFor more than a decade the Cuban revolution has been undergoing profound social and political changes. These changes are, in part, responses to the island-nations integration into the capitalist global economy, in an era characterized by the fall of European socialism. Despite the ease by which many scholars and commentators discuss Cuba's “transition” during this period of economic upheaval, anthropological analysis reveals a more complex social landscape. Through an examination of the changing forms of state governance regarding health and the environmental research, this article analyses how, thriving on the insertion of new forms of capital, state policies work to maintain the socialist ideology in the institutions and practices of everyday life, thereby forging individual social identities (the revolucionario) that are in line with rationalities of socialist governance. However, these policies are often interpreted and transformed by individuals in ways that suit their own immediate needs in a socio-political context increasingly marked by economic scarcity. Combined, these responses to state policy suggest that revolutionary identity, in Cuba's post-Soviet economy, is complex and at times contradictory. This calls for a critical rethinking of the construction of Cuba's socialist subject, thereby opening up new ways of thinking and writing about the country's “transition” and more generally about issues of socialism and postsocialism.

Keywords: Doyon, Brotherton, Cuba, socialisme, santé, recherche scientifique, environnement, Doyon, Brotherton, Cuba, socialism, health, scientific research, environment, Doyon, Brotherton, Cuba, socialismo, salud, investigación científica, medio ambiente

The presence of food additives, sweeteners, trans fat and salt must all be indicated on the labels of pre-packed food products — but what criteria guide the regulatory authorities in their decision to give priority to one kind of information over another ? Does the general public have any input ? To answer these questions, two Canadian regulatory fields connected with food labelling provide the basis for an analysis : (1) regulation of the labelling of genetically modified foodstuffs which, contrary to the wishes of the population, makes labelling voluntary rather than compulsory, and (2) regulation of the labelling of allergens which, in keeping with the wishes of Canadians, requires companies to indicate the presence of certain allergenic ingredients on their labels. We observe that the current Canadian policy on food labelling reflects a utilitarian calculation by the government in power : both the economic interests of the agrifood industry and the collective wellbeing are taken into account in labelling decisions. However, it appears that the collective interest is determined more on the basis on scientific (and economic) data than on citizens' wishes. Is science, often produced by the industry itself, used to support — or legitimize — the utilitarian position by promoting the idea that citizens' wishes are neither reasonable nor rational ? If this is the case, then scientists are still playing — and in fact, given that scientific data is increasingly accessible, playing more than ever before — a determining social role that Antonio Gramsci would call hegemonic.