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AbstractOne of the most important issues for the understanding of the Logical Investigations and for the unity of Edmund Husserl's thought consists in the question of the realistic or idealistic character of its philosophical project. In this paper, I address this issue and establish on the basis of a close commentary of the text that the philosophy of the young Husserl is realistic both regarding the realm of the real and the one of the ideal. I also show what is wrong with two other readings of Husserl on this question : the idealistic and the neutral point of view readings.

The discussion of private language in the Investigations was written between 1937 and 1945, after the first 190 remarks of Part I of the book had almost reached their final form. The post-1936 writing on private language represents a fresh start, both in wording and in conception, on the pre-1936 material.Nevertheless, Wittgenstein did repeatedly discuss the idea of a language which “only I myself can understand” during 1929-36. One strand in this discussion that is directly taken up in the Investigations is the idea that “If I were to reserve the word ‘pain' solely for what I had hitherto called ‘my pain”, and others “L.W.'s pain,” I should do other people no injustice, so long as a notation were provided in which the loss of the word ‘pain' in other connexions were somehow supplied.” However, the discussion of this topic in the Investigations is much briefer than in the pre-1936 writing. I look at the relationship between §403 and texts from the 1929 notebooks and the Philosophical Remarks, assembled in the spring of 1930, mapping out the earlier development of this line of argument and exploring the principal continuities and discontinuities in Wittgenstein's treatment of private language.

We have a double goal for this paper : one is to trace some of the history of the “problem of the visual field” within Wittgenstein intellectual development, a key concern in the philosopher's intermediary period. The second will be to present Wittgenstein's final criticism of idea of a visual field (and that of an internal object). We believe his arguments are novel, penetrating, and so their interest transcends the boundaries of a purely exegetical presentation.

AbstractThis article examines the place of the concept of impartiality in theories of deliberative democracy. Drawing on and extending recent feminist critiques of deliberative democracy, it explores two interrelated challenges to deliberative theory, one focused on the standard of reasonableness and the idea of reason-giving and the other on the contingent social and political circumstances under which marginalized-groups perspectives may sway the judgment of other citizens. Finally, some of the changes required of deliberative theory to address these concerns are discussed, and the implications of these changes for our more general notions of the virtues and responsibilities of citizenship are explored.

For an agonistic conception of domestic conflicts. This paper addresses an issue that has been neglected by political thought and by feminist work focused on critical heterosexuality studies: the interpersonal conflict that arises when heterosexual partners try to adapt their intimate arrangements in order to attain greater equality. This article questions the limitations of political thought regarding power relations in the public sphere, as well as the silence of feminists regarding the domestic conflicts that can arise during the transformation of heterosexual relationships, relegating them to personal problems rather than political issues. Whether conflict occurs in the public sphere (in a democracy) or in the private sphere (in a couple), it is an inherent part of life due to plurality and the possibly divergent interests of the partners. Inspired by agonism, this article suggests looking at interpersonal conflicts in a positive light in order to conceive them as a means of political action in the private sphere. The paper is organized in three parts. The first links the politicization of inequalities in heterosexual relationships with the inevitable experience of interpersonal conflict. The second deals with the contribution of the agonistic tradition of political thought to the reflections regarding conflict in the personal sphere. The third discusses the major impact of conflict in feminist struggles to transform everyday heterosexual arrangements. In sum, the article aims to provide a portrait of an agonistic conceptualization of interpersonal conflict.

Keywords: hétérosexualité (couple hétérosexuel), conflit, égalité entre les partenaires, sphère privée, théories agonistiques, féminisme, heterosexuality (heterosexual couple), conflict, equality between partners, private sphere, agonistic approaches, feminism

Bergeron's theory of the state is useful to examine the relations between the state's “gouverne” and citizens. We revisit Gérard Bergeron's assumption that all members of a society adhere to the “politie,” that is, move from relations that are purely civil to some activation of the “gouverne.” To that end, we study the Amish of the Old Order in Ontario. This group offers an example of “social non politifié,” a concept mentioned once in Bergeron's work. Thanks to the examination of two Ontarian public policies, this research shows that this group does not comply with the inevitable transition to the “politie.” We suggest a path to modernize Bergeron's theory.

Keywords: politiques publiques, amish du vieil ordre, Gérard Bergeron, théorie de l'État, Ontario, public policy, Old Order Amish, Gérard Bergeron, theory of the state, Ontario

Internet innovation platforms have increased since 2000. Those intermediate structures link firms with R&D problems (seeker) and people on Internet (solver). The question called “challenge” is linked with a prize if the Internet user's solution is chosen. The purpose of this article is to put in light contractual arrangements on a specific platform (Innocentive) (IP contracts and assistance of the platform). The aim is to better understand how these mechanisms could lower information asymmetries and uncertainty of technology transfer.

Keywords: innovation, plateforme, propriété intellectuelle, licences, asymétrie d'information, intermédiation, Innocentive, innovation, platform, intellectual property, licenses, information asymmetry, intermediation, Innocentive, innovación, plataforma, propiedad intelectual, licencias, asimetría de información, intermediación, Innocentive

In this article, we try to understand through what mechanisms an individual response face the rebranding after-a-merger-or-acquisition, in particular, the resistance to this change shall act on the intentions to leave. The results of an empirical study conducted on the employees of telephone operator who has recently experienced a rebranding after merger and acquisition show a sequential mediation of the commitment. Thus, the level of resistance to rebranding after merger and acquisition negatively affects the affective commitment to change, which in turn affects affective organizational commitment, which in turn has a negative effect on the departure intentions.

Keywords: Rebranding post fusion-acquisition, intentions de quitter, engagement organisationnel affectif, engagement affectif envers le changement, résistance au changement, Rebranding after merger and acquisition, intentions to leave, affective organizational commitment, affective commitment to change, resistance to change, rebranding post fusión-adquisición, intención de salir de la empresa, intención de renunciar, compromiso organizacional afectivo, compromiso afectivo hacia el cambio, resistencia al cambio

This article analyses, through a multi-sited auto-ethnography, the practices of an African business school confronted with the contradictions of globalisation and the desire for emancipation. The results show an adherence to international requirements subverted to adapt practices—in a process of hybridization not expressly assumed—to singular local realities. They enrich the discussion on hybridisation by showing how a school reinterprets international standards in a logic of appropriation/deformation despite a rhetoric of uniformity. They also reveal a risk of “xessalization”, a mere juxtaposition and superimposition of different antagonistic influences and aspirations that are likely to hamper internal harmony.

Keywords: Afrique, école de gestion, hybridation, mimétisme, « xessalisation », Africa, business school, hybridization, mimicry, “xessalization”, África, escuela gerencial, hibridación, mimetismo, “xessalisation”

Subsidiaries of a multinational company need to balance local adaptation and global integration. To analyze this, we propose the concept of innovation deployment among subsidiaries which we define as the successive launches of an innovation by subsidiaries located in different contexts, thus requiring adapting the innovation. Based on a longitudinal analysis of five deployments of innovations in a multinational company, we highlight four critical factors that we connect to mechanisms of building and sharing knowledge. Finally we discuss the theoretical model of knowledge transfer suggested by Tallmann Chacar (2011) and specify thus the conditions of its implementation.

Keywords: Déploiement, Innovation, Multinationales, inter-filiale, connaissances tacites, Deployment, Innovation, Multinational corporation, inter-subsidiary, tacit knowledge, Innovacion, despliegue, multinacional, inter-filiales, tacit conocimientos