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La stratégie est un élément revêtant une importance indéniable dans la réussite et la survie des organisations qui doivent souvent affronter des enjeux variés et faire face à des changements. N’échappant pas à cette réalité, les collèges québécois sont des établissements d’enseignement supérieur qui misent sur l’élaboration et la mise en pratique d’une planification stratégique. Nous trouvions donc pertinent de nous pencher sur les manières par lesquelles les membres d’un collège arrivent à attribuer un sens à leurs actions en regard d’aspects stratégiques organisationnels. Avec ce mémoire, nous tentons d’expliquer comment des membres en arrivent à attribuer du sens à l’adéquation entre les actions et la stratégie organisationnelle. Pour y arriver, nous avons mené des entretiens semi-dirigés et avons analysé comment les membres parlent, rétrospectivement, …

Le Rwanda a mis en oeuvre depuis 2006 la Prise en charge intégrée des maladies de l'enfance (PCIME), stratégie élaborée par l'OMS et l'UNICEF pour réduire la mortalité chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans dans les pays à ressources limitées. La présente étude visait à évaluer l'implantation de cette stratégie. Un cadre de référence adapté de Denis et Champagne, soutenu par une méthodologie mixte (quantitative et qualitative) a été utilisé à cette fin. Les résultats démontrent que l'implantation de PCIME a permis une amélioration de la qualité des soins offerts aux enfants de moins de cinq ans dans le district de Kirehe en comparaison avec le district témoin de Bugesera. Des améliorations du contexte de mise en oeuvre sont maintenant nécessaires pour assurer …

Based on a unique comparison between the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (unhcr) and the International Labour Organization (ilo) in the 2000s, this paper invites to revisit the issue of change within international organizations (ios). Using a sociological perspective, it suggests to analyze ios' reforms through a continuum of organizational strategies – from survival policies to claims for autonomy – implemented by agencies to justify their existence and actions. Two moments of the life of the unhcr and the ilo are compared : the intervention, in December 2004, of the unhcr in favor of victims of natural disasters following the tsunami in Southeast Asia, and the launch, in June 1999, of the Decent Work Agenda, by the ilo's Director General.

Keywords: changement, HCR, organisations internationales, OIT, secrétariats, stratégies de réforme, change, ILO, international organizations, international secretariats, reform strategies, UNHCR, cambio, acnur, organizaciones internacionales, oit, secretarías, estratégicas de reforma

The whole of strategic analysis instruments too often remain inadapted for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This is the case for measuring diversification, or more precisely speaking, his nature and his development actions. This contribution suggests a definition and a measurement of the diversification nature of SMEs and of development as an instrument to help to analyse strategic behaviour in SMEs. The application of the model with sample of twenty-two firms in the dairy industry in the West of France shows the interest of a specific methodology to SMEs.

Abstract The author uses a theoretical frame based on empirical studies in social psychology to discuss the supposed virtues related self-knowledge and self-esteem in the school environment. She shows that students' self conceptions, which provide an understanding of their self-knowledge, are mostly related to school success and contribute to maintaining good self-esteem. The main discussion examines the role of how these self conceptions are organized in memory and the cost of strategies used to protect them in menacing situations.

While it has already conducted cyber operations in order to fight nuclear and ballistic proliferation, the United States now intends to go further and has officially endorsed the use of cyber tools to sabotage parts of other states' deployed nuclear arsenal. The integration of cyber within the array of counterforce instruments stems from a new strategy designed to protect the territory of the United States from a nuclear attack. This strategy relies, in addition to the in-flight interception of missiles, on offensive operations, called “left of launch”, aimed at neutralizing missiles on the ground prior to their launch. This article acknowledges as a starting point that being willing to threaten the survivability of other states' nuclear arsenal is by itself destabilizing, but intends to show that cyber operations, due to their distinctive features, risk increasing even further this destabilizing effect.

Keywords: contre-force, cyber, dissuasion nucléaire, États-Unis, limitation des dommages, counterforce, cyber, damage limitation, nuclear deterrence, United-States

The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity is a framework convention whose content sets out general principles on the sustainable use of biodiversity, its conservation and access to genetic resources. In order to implement the Convention on this transboundary, global and cross-cutting issue, States meet within their Conference of the Parties to adopt strategic plans and concerted actions. The last strategies, in particular the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 and the Aichi Targets, have not been able to achieve the set targets. At the 15th Conference of the Parties, States adopted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which runs from 2022 to 2030. This article outlines the failure of the first strategies and raises the elements that distinguish the latest strategy from the first, which is based on the theory of change and the urgency of the biodiversity loss crisis.

Research conducted over the past two decades has identified various factors associated with the use of sexual coercion strategies by women. However, no study has to date examined the influence of the relationship between the woman and the victim in this context. Yet, the relational setting–whether involving a stable or casual partner–may modulate the factors at play. The present study thus aims to analyze the impact of different factors associated with sexual coercion perpetrated by women, depending on the nature of their relationship with the victim. The sample consisted of 197 women sexually attracted to men, who completed online questionnaires via Lime Survey. Nearly half of the participants (49.7 %) reported having employed a strategy of sexual coercion with a stable partner, while 19.0 % did so with a casual partner. The findings indicate that Dark Triad traits, as well as stereotypical sexual scripts, both varied depending on the type of relationship with the victim. Furthermore, sexual victimization was associated only with sexual coercion toward a stable partner, whereas hypersexuality was linked exclusively to sexual coercion toward a casual partner. The results are discussed based on the relationship with the victim.