Documents found
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This article presents a series of steps conducive to the sustainable integration of ICT in urban secondary schools in Cameroon. A thematic analysis of various administrative documents and interviews collected from principals, teachers and parents in eight major ICTs pioneer schools allowed the author to capitalize on promising experiments to identify administrative and educational strategies for integrating ICTs in school. The results reveal almost similar strategies in public schools and variable strategies in private schools.
Keywords: intégration des TIC, stratégies administratives et pédagogiques, écoles secondaires, analyse thématique, entrevues, integration of ICTs, administrative and educational strategies, secondary schools, integración de las TIC, estrategias administrativas y pedagógicas, escuelas secundarias, análisis temático, entrevistas
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776.
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A generally accepted idea consists in systematically linking a low level of adaptive capacity to a low level of development, and then in affirming that the poor have inevitably low adaptive capacities. What we argue here is that this affirmation is biased because adaptation to climate change is not only determined by economic and technological capacities. Many other characteristics of a community could play a major function in its ability to react to and to anticipate climate changes (e.g. the territorial identity or the social relationships). From our point of view, the generally restrictive conception of adaptive capacity is related to a relative immaturity of the science of adaptation to explain what are the processes and the determinants of adaptive capacity. This can be explained by the fact that few frameworks for studying adaptive capacity currently exist. This paper then consists in a proposition of a research framework based upon four main fields of investigation: (i) the influential factors of adaptive capacity and their interactions, (ii) the relevant spatial and temporal scales of adaptive capacity, (iii) the links between adaptive capacity, vulnerability and the level of development and (iv) the theoretical links between adaptation and sustainability. These four fields of research are assumed to be relevant to bring new knowledge on adaptive capacity, and then to feed a more general reflection on the adaptation pathways to deal with climate change.
Keywords: trame de recherche, capacité d'adaptation, changement climatique, trajectoires d'adaptation et de développement, research framework, adaptive capacity, climate change, adaptation and development pathways
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780.More information
SummaryThis paper proposes a detailed analysis of the political and social impact of transnational corporations in three particularly sensitive areas, for host countries as well as for home countries. The author first examines the contradiction between an increasingly interdependent world economy and a continuously fragmented world policy, and shows that transnational can weaken the State's capability to attain standard economic policy goals, and thereby its capacity to maintain political stability and social consensus. Secondly, the author focuses attention on the impact of transnational corporations on the labor market, the organization of production and industrial relations. He demonstrates particularly that the control of transnational corporations on a diversified labor market combined with a world-wide organization of production makes it possible to maintain high profits. The last part of this paper analyzes the negative consequences on under-developed countries of the production and marketing of the products of transnational corporations : distortions consumption patterns, denationalization of domestic elites and middle classes, and the deterioration or destruction of indigenous values.