Documents found
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1881.More information
As the world’s leading industrial and economic activity, tourism is considered a highly predatory sector in terms of resources, energy, and water, a major polluter and producer of mass waste and impacts on biodiversity. Yet tourism development models are investing in protected areas. The Mediterranean area is the world’s leading tourist destination. All types of tourism concentrate all forms of infrastructure, including the models which have emerged there such as marbelisation. In addition, the Mediterranean basin is recognized as a biodiversity hotspot. Algeria fits into this scheme. The study of the National Park of El Kala, situated in the North-East of Algeria, reveals the maintenance of a dual approach between tourist projects and the strict protection of its natural environments. Tourism and nature conservation strategies are approached critically. This reveals the political stakes of the dual approach of these two strategies in Algeria.
Keywords: tourisme durable, aire protégée, développement local, socio-écosystème, sustainable tourism, protected area, local development, socio-ecosystem
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1884.
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1885.
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1887.More information
The Seven Years' War saw a massive influx of regular European troops into North America, leading to a Europeanization of warfare practices. Among the key players in this change were military engineers. These scientific and technical experts are often portrayed as endowed with an almost unshakeable esprit de corps. This article examines the strength of this solidarity among the twelve-odd French military engineers that were sent to New France. It asks whether the cohabitation of metropolitans and colonials affected this esprit de corps, and whether it created rivalry with other corps in the French army.
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1888.More information
The present study reveals the involvement of local stakeholders in assessing the impact of the form of natural resource management by putting them at the heart of the process. The methodological approach known as "citizen's jury", supported by four focus groups on hydro-agricultural developments in the Niger Valley, was explored in this study. The perimeters concerned are the Producer Union Groups for the Malanville Perimeter (UGPPM), the Sota perimeter and the lowlands developed in the villages of Garou and Toumboutou. Four categories of effects were analyzed: contextual effects, substantive effects, procedural effects and cognitive effects. The creativity revealed by this analytical model lies in its holistic nature and its ability to apprehend the effects induced by participatory approaches in four dimensions, taking into account the structural relationships between them. The four categories of effects analyzed have made it possible to understand that, in the field of natural resource governance around hydroagricultural developments, it is possible to engage in dialogue, to argue on the basis of different knowledge, experience and know-how, and that it is essential, for effective participation, to confront the different points of view through quality debates based on reasoning with the aim of finding a consensus.
Keywords: évaluation délibérative, catégorie d’effets, gestion des aménagements hydroagricoles, vallée du Niger, Bénin, effects, evaluation, management of hydro-agricultural, effects, Niger valley, Benin
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1889.More information
This article addresses the process of micro-vegetalisation of public space in Lausanne, in Switzerland, analysing the action of gardening the city from an activist perspective. This approach highlights three different frameworks – the official framework, the post-official framework and the alter-institutional framework – which in turn refer to three differentiated figures of citizens’ action concerning the process of institutionalization of the practices of micro-vegetalisation: adherence to public policy, indifference to the “greening permit”, and the refusal of the institutional framework. Result of a qualitative research which proposed to investigate three concrete cases with citizens and the public power which illustrate each of the frameworks mentioned above, the focus is on the process of urban vegetalisation from the local micro-scale perspective. As an analytical contribution to the Lausanne case and due to his pioneering interventions, the article also presents the case of Maurice Maggi, an artist-activist from Zurich known in Switzerland due to his actions as a “guerrilla gardener” since the 1980s.
Keywords: Micro-végétalisation, militantisme, espace public, permis de végétaliser, Lausanne, Micro-vegetalisation, activism, public space, greening permit, Lausanne