Documents found
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1422.More information
AbstractThe relations between taste and the city have largely gone unstudied. In an effort to stimulate reflection on this nexus, three lines of investigation are suggested. The first line explores the way in which different cities - for geographical, historical and cultural reasons - have developed their own unique “signature” dishes and systems of savours. The second seeks to demonstrate how the changing patterns of eating and drinking in Montreal have impacted on the experience and development of urban space and time, tipping the balance in favour of greater conviviality. Finally, with a view to the future, this essay foresees the relations between taste and the city growing ever more intricate, most notably through the development of gourmet circuits; the ideal of the garden-city becoming reality (with the increasing production of food in urban environments), and the creation of new institutions dedicated to the furtherance of taste.
Keywords: Lemasson, ville, goût, Montréal, circuits, gastronomie, cosmopolite, ville-jardin, Lemasson, city, taste, gastronomy, Montréal, circuit, cosmopolitan, garden city, Lemasson, ciudad, gusto, gastronomía, cosmopolíta, ciudad-jardín
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1424.More information
ABSTRACTQuebec historians' interest in urban health is a recent phenomenon, originating in the 1970s. Since then, researchers drawing on the methods and concerns of social history have asked new questions bearing on the health of the city's population and on its relevant institutions and services. The following article reviews this recent literature, delineating its findings, approaches, and perspectives, and outlines various areas that have as yet been neglected.
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1425.More information
ABSTRACTDivorce was rare in nineteenth century Québec due to the cost and clerical opposition. Couples in difficulty more usually had recourse to legal separations and 233 cases of this type were found in the Montréal judicial archives for the period 1795 to 1879. Women were the plaintiffs 95% of the time and complained of the brutality and alcoholism of their spouses. Husbands, on the other hand, claimed that their mates were adulterous. Separation was granted in 80% of the cases studied. Judges upheld the sexual "double standard": it was easier for a husband to obtain a separation for adultery that for the wife. Nevertheless, women did benefit from a degree of financial security that was guaranteed under the common property provisions of the civil law and they obtained custody of the children more often than their husbands. Québec women seem to have been better off on these last two counts than women elsewhere in Canada. In the closing decades of the nineteenth century, the number of separation cases increased and the law treated women more favorably.
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1426.
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1427.More information
AbstractIn the last decades, clinical criminology has undergone a significant evolution which announces important changes to come for research and intervention in the field. Longitudinal studies on risk factors, age at onset and trajectories of antisocial behaviour throughout development have resulted in an important body of knowledge allowing for a better understanding of delinquent behaviour in a developmental perspective. Furthermore, the striking evolution of research in biomedical sciences and its impact on our understanding of the etiology and on the treatment of mental health problems, notoriously associated with criminal behaviour, have seen the bio-psycho-social paradigm emerging as the basis of research and intervention for clinical criminologists. Results of studies in neurosciences and behaviour genetics especially underscore the importance of this paradigm to fully understand delinquency. If the emergence of the bio-psycho-social paradigm in a developmental perspective and its impact on our understanding of antisocial behaviour are relatively recent, the tremendous possibilities it opens now to researchers and clinicians make this new strategy essential in the field of clinical criminology.
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1428.More information
ABSTRACTIn France, the "intellectual" dates back to the Dreyfus Affair and represents a typical figure of the French cultural milieu up to Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus. In Quebec, Léon Gérin appears to have been the first to use the term in 1901; its use became more frequent in the circles of l'Action française, in that of the young André Laurendeau, the social scientists at Laval University or the contributors to Cité libre, Liberté and Parti pris.This paper attempts to answer the following question: why did the Francophone intellectual not appear before the turn of the century? The vocabulary used in France and Quebec to describe the phenomenon, as well as the social conditions making possible the intellectual, are analyzed. The paper also attempts to take the measure of the cultural professions from which the intellectual might have emerged, in addition to investigating the forms of expression and sociability of nineteenth-century Quebec's cultural milieu. Keeping in mind the evolution of French-speaking Quebec intellectuals of the twentieth century, the analysis seeks to explain their specific emergence.