Documents found
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What is the status of faith-based discourse (and by extension, of the discourse of conviction) in societies characterized by a plurality of moral and religious options ? How do the various factions found within a pluralized public setting receive faith-based discourse ? Moreover, how does a faith-based speaker square the self-affirmative move towards the other with his or her own particular beliefs ? These concerns raise the questions of “what one should do” and “how one should speak” in order to maintain a lively and liveable tension between affirming one's convictions, on the one hand, and nurturing social cohesion, on the other. Despite the negative judgement which has been cast upon the art of persuasion since the beginning of modernity, a rhetorical approach to these questions is possible ; one which I will endeavour to demonstrate in this article. I begin by pleading, along with many other contemporary authors, for a return to a right understanding of rhetoric. The art of persuasion offers a fruitful theoretical framework for developing a heuristics aimed at understanding faith-based discourse in the context of liberal democracy. Rhetoric can in no way be reduced to mere ideological manipulation. I continue reflecting on these questions by presenting two models for faith-based discourse in the public sphere, viz., the models proffered by Hollenbach and O'Malley, both of whom reflect on Vatican II.
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Donald Trump’s speeches and messages are characterized by terms that are commonly referred to as “thick” or “emotive,” meaning that they are characterized by a tendency to be used to generate emotive reactions. This paper investigates how emotive meaning is related to emotions, and how it is generated or manipulated. Emotive meaning is analyzed as an evaluative conclusion that results from inferences triggered by the use of a term, which can be represented and assessed using argumentation schemes. The evaluative inferences are regarded as part of the connotation of emotive words, which can be modified and stabilized by means of recontextualizations. The manipulative risks underlying the misuse and the redefinition of emotive words are accounted for in terms of presuppositions and implicit modifications of the interlocutors’ commitments.
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In this paper I question the primacy of argumentation relying solely on logic by showing how the body and mind are deeply connected and as a result how communication and argumentation are a product of this mind/body connection. In particular, I explore the physicality of argumentation through the research and writings on gestures and the embodied mind. Michael Gilbert’s theory of multi-modal argumentation provides the general approach for this elaboration.
Keywords: argument1, argument2, embodied mind, emotional mode, gesture, gesture-speech unity, information packaging hypothesis, kisceral mode, logical mode, multi-modal argumentation, physical or visceral mode, spacio-motoric thinking
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This article evaluates, from the active reader's point of view, the pragmatic strategies of the argumentative, narrative and best-selling memoirs of a condemned spy, an ex-professional liar claiming to tell the truth. The ordinary reader learns a lesson in both pragmatics and cognitive science: the crucial importance of contextual appropriation and the addressee's competence in the argumentative process
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AbstractThe Liber Amicorum Alain de Benoist (2004) gathers the testimony of about sixty people who outline the portrait of a man whose ideas are much debated and whose evolution remains indistinguishable from the “New Right.” Paradoxically for a book which aims at rehabilitating a writer, the Liber amicorum does not seek so much to defend the ideas of Alain de Benoist as to reveal the features of a “complex” being by means of anecdotes and memories through which the reader will be able to recognize the portrait of a man who is also “honest” and “generous.” Far from defending the principle ideas of Alain de Benoist, which, according to the statements of his detractors, are suspect and, consequently, would profit from being defended, the authors of the Liber amicorum shift the grounds of debate by focusing on the man and emphasizing his moral values. Thus, the Liber amicorum does not aim to justify an intellectual position so much as to reaffirm “distinctions”. The systematic reference to the ethos, where the judiciary eloquence prevails, would be related to the discrepancy of the argumentative positions inherent to the debates, as well as to a refusal or to the impossibility of a discussion.
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This article seeks to examine the representations of audiences in conflict in the abundant pamphleteer literature that flourished during the Wars of Religion. Drawing on Marc Angenot's work on polemical rhetoric, as well as on the analyses of historians and literary critics, we are interested specifically in the genre of dialogue, as mobilized in the League pamphlet entitled Dialogue d'entre le Maheustre et le Manant, attributed to F. Cromé (1593). This text is distinctive for having been republished, with little reworking, by the League's opponents, the Politiques, who therefore recognized the validity of the dialogue's argumentation. This article sets out to discern specific modes of address and of making present the text's target audiences, to reflect on the polemical weapons used to discredit the enemy, but also to examine the rhetorical purpose of this dialogue, which is indicative of a new relation, less argumentative and more performative, between reading publics and political conflict.
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Des décisions médicales en fin de vie sont souvent prises pour des patients inaptes. Nous avons souhaité connaître les argumentations éthiques entourant ces décisions difficiles. Notre objectif était de pouvoir comprendre et apprécier ces lignes d’argumentation. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons répertorié et analysé les lignes argumentatives présentes dans des articles scientifiques, incluant les sections de correspondance et commentaires des journaux savants. Afin d’éviter que les résultats de notre analyse soient trop influencés par les caractéristiques d’un problème médical spécifique, nous avons décidé d’analyser des situations cliniques distinctes. Les sujets spécifiques étudiés sont la non-initiation du traitement antibiotique chez des patients déments souffrant de pneumonie, et l’euthanasie de nouveau-nés lourdement hypothéqués selon le protocole de Groningen. Notre analyse des lignes d’argumentation répertoriées à partir …