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The prescrit article examines paraliterary illustration (cover art, comic books, etc.) and its relation to literature in the context of Alcuin's concept of "iltiterature" a concept implied in the 8thcentury churchman's plea in favour of ecclesiastical iconography : "Pictura illiterato litteratura." Does illiterature denote a mere absence of literature or literature rendered accessible through images ? Could the tendency towards deliberate inarticulateness represent a distinctive trait of popular literature ? These are some of the questions raised in this essay. Since the Renaissance popular literature and pictorial expression have shared a common intention of simplifying the reader's task.
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This article aims to explore the history of the super-heroic body in comics from the 30s to today in order to see how — sometimes triumphant, sometimes in disintegration — it has become the reflection of increasingly upset American ideologies. To this end, the very notion of overvaluation of the augmented body is problematized in the narratives, in parallel with the ethical crisis of the superhero figure.
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This article aims to question the blockbuster superhero film's normative discourse on superhero comics. To this end, we examine the various operations of transmediation at stake in the process of transposition as critical modalities of reflexivity. In order to make more plain the ideological determination of this process, we have opted for a diachronic approach highlighting socio-historical changes in transmedial poetics. We take into consideration one of the most famous Marvel characters, Spider-Man, and more specifically the transmediation of the first episodes of the comic book series as it first appeared, censored, in French all the way to Sam Raimi's 2005 screen version. The evolution of media transpositions of superhero comics shows a crucial axiological displacement in the normative evolution of the superhero figure as well as a stagnation in the recognition of comics as a media, as well as a cultural and artistic form.
Keywords: Comics de super-héros, Spider-Man, transposition, blockbuster, idéologie, vigilantisme, Superhero Comics, Spider-Man, Transposition, Blockbuster, Ideology, Vigilantism