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Catégorisations et appropriations autour de l'« allophonie » de jeunes migrants scolarisés en France
More informationYoung immigrants attending school in France are classified as “allophones,” which implies special educational needs associated with learning French. Introduced as a means of guiding the implementation of public policy, the category has come to be used by secondary school teachers to reify the figure of the foreigner—a process of stigmatization that resonates well beyond the classroom. In response, young immigrants have adopted discursive adaptation strategies, through which they reconcile earlier processes of socialization with the realities of immigration. However, given their more limited access to resources for constructing a narrative identity, these young people tend to reappropriate the “Allophone” category used by their teachers in various ways. Their narratives highlight the diverse impacts of the migration process on identity building, including how it shapes their relationship with life in France.
Keywords: allophonie, France, processus migratoire, ressources, socialisation, Allophones, France, migration process, resources, socialization
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224.More information
The aim of this study is to assess the factors exacerbating conflicts in artisanal fisheries in the SRFC ecoregion, and to question the ability of current management frameworks to resolve them. The method consisted in conducting interviews with various stakeholders in the SRFC countries, combining semi-structured interviews and focus groups to analyse the perceptions and dynamics of conflicts in artisanal fisheries. The results show that conflicts in SRFC artisanal fisheries are not solely linked to competition for access to resources but are the product of a combination of structural and interactional factors. On the one hand, structural factors, such as the influence of extractive industries, the extension of Marine Protected Areas, and management policies perceived as inequitable, reinforce power asymmetries and tensions linked to access to resources. On the other hand, interactional factors, such as internal rivalries between artisanal fishermen, frustrations with technological inequalities and uncertainties caused by climate change, aggravate conflict dynamics. These tensions are rooted in relationships of domination, perceptions of injustice and imbalances in the distribution of benefits, revealing a complexity that goes far beyond the struggle for resources alone. These conflicts are likely to intensify in the future with the expansion of protected fishing zones, such as MPAs and EBSAs, the intensification of artisanal fishermen's migration, and the overlap of extractive industries with these zones in developing countries. These dynamics, combined with the effects of climate change and the absence of regional conflict management mechanisms in frameworks such as the SRFC, will create an even more conflict-ridden and uncertain environment for artisanal fishers.
Keywords: conflit, aire protégée, pêche, gouvernance, CSRP, conflict, protected area, fishing, governance, SRFC
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This study of Rioseco (1999), a novel written by Manuel Rui, proposes to examine how, during some of the country's darkest hours, Angolan literature remained an important site of creative resistance and utopia. Using B. de Sousa Santos's works on the need to widen our understanding of social reality by taking into account the subaltern experiences and cosmologies traditionally discarded as irrelevant and anachronistic by Western rationality, this article examines how fiction literature in Angola participates in the decolonization of knowledge. Focusing more specifically on the subversion of gender stereotypes and the connection between material culture, community, and spirituality in postcolonial Angola, it highlights how the celebration of African cosmologies participates in the reimagining of modes of conviviality and reconciliation in a country plagued by violence and poverty.
Keywords: Manuel Rui, Angola, littérature, fiction, subalterne, postcolonial, stéréotype de genre, spiritualité, cosmologie africaine
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