Documents found
-
-
-
283.More information
Seventy living historical cities appear on the UNESCO's World Héritage List. Here, each of them is the object of a brief study which situates it in time and space, identifies its major historical milestones as well as originality and describes its essential urban and morphological landmarks. The criteria behind the recognition of these cities, according to the recommendations of the International Council on Monuments and Sites to the UNESCO's World Heritage Council, are also presented.
Keywords: Histoire urbaine, morphologie urbaine, patrimoine, Urban history, urban morphology, World Heritage
-
284.
-
285.
-
286.
-
-
288.More information
The objective of this article is to present the potential and limits of the co-management of artisanal fisheries in Senegal. The method consisted of carrying out extensive investigation work in the various local artisanal fishing councils (CLPAs) established along the Senegalese coast. The interview guide and questionnaire submitted to fishery stakeholders and CLPA leaders focused on 40 indicators inspired by scientific literature. These indicators are divided into three categories : “governance”, “natural systems” and “populations and livelihoods”. They cover all dimensions of co-management as implemented in Senegal. The analysis reveals that the CLPAs struggle to fully assume the leadership role assigned to them by the State and their social base. Given their financial dependence on the State and development partners, they have little capacity for influence and limited socio-political positioning. This weak self-assertion at the local level is also linked to the fragility of their organizational base, which ultimately compromises their economic and ecological performance. The local governance framework is characterized by the superposition of several local entities (economic interest groups [EIG] and associations) that lack any coordination and operate in a logic of competition. Despite these limitations, which are mainly organizational and economic in nature, the co-management of artisanal fishing has potential. Beyond positioning themselves as a new local framework for fishery management, the CLPAs have started restructuring the local institutional architecture and offer spaces where to build initiatives, both technical (to ensure the sustainability of fishery resources) and socioeconomic (to improve the livelihoods of fishing stakeholders). Overall, the governance of fisheries in Senegal is split into a directive management framework which is gradually crumbling and a new style (co-management) which is slow to take hold.
Keywords: participation, Sénégal, décentralisation, pêche, gouvernance, participation, Senegal, fishing, governance, decentralization
-
289.More information
This article examines the way an African geographer, Cheikh Ba, redefined the boundary drawn by the Africanist geography of Paul Pélissier, his mentor. It analyzes the contents of their theses, bibliographies, references included in texts, and correspondences in order to clearly define their epistemic field. It also characterizes the circulation of knowledge and studies their differentiated relationship to colonial and post-colonial political systems and geographical discipline. The findings show that Paul Pélissier and Cheikh Ba respectively spearheaded research for about half a century (from 1951 to 2000) in the two major areas of rural geography in Senegal: agriculture and livestock. Even if both researchers developed similar issues and topics, their approaches in dealing with them are different. Political geography, geopolitics and the difference in scale in terms of space and time are the tokens of rebirth that Cheikh Ba has exemplified as an exclusive African imprint.
Keywords: Sénégal, géographie africaniste, géographie africaine, État, développement, agriculture, élevage, approche terroirs, approche sociale, Senegal, Africanist geography, African geography, State, development, agriculture, breeding, terroirs approach, social approach, Senegal, geografía africanista, geografía africana, Estado, desarrollo, agricultura, ganadería, enfoque terruño, enfoque social
-
290.More information
The peri-urban areas of large African cities are experiencing a number of agricultural mutations. These areas are integrated into the market economy through a production system oriented towards meeting urban demand. The rural periphery of the metropolitan area of Dakar is at the core of these new investment dynamics, which are controlled by the agro-industries. This article analyzes the logic of the implementation of agro-industrial units, the spatial strategies that have been developed as a result, as well as their impact on communities and the environment. Our central hypothesis is built around an emerging agricultural system rooted in a capitalist exploitation of the local resources, which is upsetting the economic and social organization of the local population, and its relationship with place. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the data collected in 2015 and 2017 with the agro-industries and the local population. The diverse agro-industries are developing territorial strategies that are inscribed in a dynamic of world production, which is more or less integrated to the local metropolitan demand.
Keywords: Agro-industries, périphéries rurales métropolitaines, mutations foncières, territoire, Agro-industries, metropolitan rural peripheries, land mutations, territory, Agroindustriales, periferias rurales metropolitanas, transformaciones de bienes-raíces, territorio