Documents found
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While works devoted to ladies of pleasure abound, their male counterparts seem to have been relegated to oblivion by literary historians. To this day, no study or monograph recounts the evolution of these characters, even though they can be traced back to Antiquity. Long before their entry into French dictionaries, these “male prostitutes” – as they would be called today – have been very present in literature, particularly in the XVIIIth century. L'Année galante ou les intrigues secrètes du marquis de L***, an anonymous novel published in 1785, depicts one of these kept men living at the expense of women. It also introduces a historical figure, Armand Prévost de Létorière, as well as a social fact that remains largely unknown, the practice of “guerluchonnage” – making it one of the ancient testimonies of heterosexual male prostitution.
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This article considers Annibal Caro’s religious sentiments during the years of his most intense comic and paradoxical production: the pre-Tridentine period from 1536 to 1543, a time of tense expectation in Rome for significant Church reform. Although Caro’s religious beliefs never raised suspicions of heterodoxy, we shall see that both his paradoxical prose in Berni’s style, and his only comedy (which he conceived at the request of the Duke Pier Luigi Farnese but was never authorised by Caro to be represented or published in his lifetime), show that Erasmian influences and suggestions from Boccaccio and Aretino allowed him to safely engage in a discourse of religious dissent.
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Through a confrontation between the collection Les Regrets of Du Bellay, and the narrative Séjour d’Honneur of Octovien de Saint Gelais (which appears to be either the object of comparison or a subtext of the collection), the author re-examines the genesis of sonnet 31 of Les Regrets, with respect to the topos of the island of Circe, allegorised by Saint Gelais as the “Île de Vaine Espérance.” In doing so, the author sheds light on the poem’s background and multiple references. The analysis in turn enlightens some of the poem’s oddities, through references to Franco-Italian politics of the years 1556–57.
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The first composed collection of poetry to be printed in France remains a paradoxically unknown masterpiece in that we read it in a highly altered form which destroys the integrity and alters the meaning of the original work. A close examination of the original Adolescence Clementine reveals a coherence never to be equaled, and a promise never to be fulfilled, in any subsequent work by Marot.
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AbstractLouis-Frédéric Rouquette was a much-read author at the beginning of the twentieth century. His adventure stories influenced generations of readers, whom Rouquette's tales exposed to a variety of new experiences. Some of his novels have never been out of print. Canada, and particularly the far North, are at the centre of at least three of his novels: Le grand silence blanc, La bête errante and L'épopée blanche. A French Jack London who traveled throughout Canada, his L'épopée blanche describes the beginning of colonization of the West and the missionary work of the Oblate Fathers. This article presents a rereading of the work within the framework of the adventure story genre, and also an analysis of the ideology that underlies it.
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Nebuchadnezzar's dream of the composite statue in Daniel 2 has belonged to the traditional folklore of the Judeo-Christian tradition since Antiquity. Since the figure of Nebuchadnezzar is based largely on Nabonidus, the last king of Babylon (556-539 BC), this article offers new elements of reflection on the origin of this vision, arguing that the motif of the succession of empires originated during the reign of Nabonidus, and that the demands of Nebuchadnezzar to the Chaldeans reflect a reminiscence of the obsession of Nabonidus for his own dreams and their mantic content.