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Early and ongoing screening programs aim at identifying the needs faced by 4 to 8-year-old school children in regards to their physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. The question at stake here is what happens when several schoolboards adopt a joint program designed to respond to such needs? To answer this question, the researchers undertake an opinion survey addressing the degree of satisfaction of parents and the school personnel vis-à-vis one such program. By comparing the expectations that precede and follow program implementation, the reseachers identify interesting patterns with respect to family and school perceptions of program impact. On the one hand, our findings show how the program under study is thought to foster a better understanding of the special needs of the school children. On the other hand, they also highlight the perceived lack of appropriate follow-up measures. To this deficiency should be added the absence of adequate physical and human resources being provided throughout program implementation, a reported deficiency that seriously undermines program efficiency. Lastly, there is a tendency for school personnel to view this program as increasing their workload, creating feelings of frustration that further reduce perceptions of program success.
Keywords: Programme de dépistage précoce et continu, enfants avec problèmes de développement, degré perçu de satisfaction, Early and ongoing screening program, pupils with special developmental needs, perceived degree of satisfaction
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A brief on pension financing Four years after the « White Book on Pension Matters » by Mr. Rocard's government and two years after the Act of July 22, 1993, by which Mr. Balladur's government implemented a reform of the Standard Retirement Pension Scheme, it now appears necessary to evaluate their scope and consequences. Such is the object of the Planning Office Report : « Long Term Perspectives on Pension Matters », published in October 1995 by the Documentation française. The synthesis of the main conclusions presented at the beginning of this issue are the following : although the measures taken contribute to strengthen private sector classical distributory pension schemes, financial perspectives remain blurred beyond year 2005 and special pension schemes are facing deteriorating perspectives. On the other hand, on account on the weak balance reached between the living standards of working population and those of retired people, the concern about fairness in retirement matters requires a close look at the evolution of this situation. In this context, retirement savings programmes can usefully contribute to the current situation provided they do not completely alter the foundations of the traditional distributory pension schemes.
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tate economie relations among countries. The international monetary system could then either be stabilized or evolve into a system of fixed parities.
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The literature on police and security has evolved considerably over the last few decades and articles and special issues of Criminologie provide a useful picture of these developments. Four major areas of study have appeared during the journal's fifty years of publication, with overlapping studies on the foundations of a critical criminology of the police, its quantitative evaluation, transformations in the security market, and the development of more diversified and international policing. In this article, we analyze the content of published articles both quantitatively and qualitatively in order to highlight their main influences and the spin offs resulting from these four aspects. This review of the literature makes it possible to narrow down these different areas of study and contextualize them in relation to important events that have influenced the evolution of the police as a social control mechanism in our societies.
Keywords: Criminologie, police, sécurité, tendances, enjeux, Criminology, police, security, trends, issues, Criminología, policía, seguridad, tendancias, dilemas