Documents found
-
8531.More information
In this article, I examine the interplay between the unheimlich (the uncanny) and the abject in Leos Carax’s film Holy Motors (2012). While the two phenomena seem at first to be nearly synonymous, Kristeva, in Powers of Horror, emphasizes that abjection is fundamentally different from the strange familiarity theorized by Freud in 1919. However, I contend that the anxiety and alienation that this anarchic and sometimes violent film provokes in the spectator stems from both states. I begin by showing how Carax destabilises the spectator by representing the identity of the main character, M. Oscar, as unreliable throughout the film. I then analyse two specific episodes from Holy Motors, one that looks to affirm the spectator’s dissociation from M. Oscar through the use of starkly abject elements, and the other that increases the spectator’s uncertainty with regards to M. Oscar’s true identity by creating a heightened sensation of unheimlich. Finally, I will show how a specific intertextual reference to the horror film Les yeux sans visage (Georges Franju 1959), a film that also plays on both the abject and the uncanny, places the spectator in a state of radical alienation from the fictional universe of the film.
-
8532.More information
A conceptual framework is provided by the "states of the world" approach (reviewed in section 1). The powerful normative analysis of individual decision-making under uncertainty extends the theory of consumer choice under certainty into an adequate specification of individual norms of behavior (section 2). But the link with observable market phenomena would require the existence of a complete set of insurance markets, one for every commodity conditionally on every state of the world. Although some disagreement persists on this point, the author feels that the insurance and asset markets which exist in western economies fall substantially short of offering trading opportunities comparable to those implied by a complete set of insurance markets. Consequently, consumer preferences are incompletely revealed by market prices. And business firms lack the information required to reach decisions by mere arithmetic comparisons of alternative profit levels (section 3). Management under uncertainty and incomplete markets acquires genuine significance. What norms of managerial behavior should be assumed for positive economic analysis is a disputed issue. From a normative viewpoint, managerial decisions must be viewed as group decisions, with consequences affecting many individuals—and the theory of such decisions is by necessity more complex (section 4).Deprived of the powerful clarification introduced by the competitive markets lamppost, the economic analysis of uncertainty must fall back on the elementary principle that all risks are ultimately borne by the individual economic agents, in their triple capacity as consumers, workers and investors. Alternative policies by firm managers or public officials must be evaluated in terms of their consequence for individuals on these three levels. The absence of market references and of reliable positive models causes difficulties in eliciting these consequences. A major concern of policy makers should be to understand better what forms of uncertainty are most costly to bear for individuals, so as to design institutions and policies aimed at transforming these into less costly alternatives (section 5).
-
8533.More information
In this article, we present a study that seeks to identify the current configuration of mental health services offered to young Francophones in the Winnipeg Health Region and to determine the level of coordination between institutional and non-institutional care mechanisms. A semi-structured interview grid was used to gather data from 15 respondents from organizations within the Winnipeg Health Region. The results showed that very few organizations provided an offer of mental health services in French to young Francophones. The analysis also demonstrated that most of these organizations do not maintain complementary relationships with each other, but rather are governed by relational circularity based on ad hoc services through formal and informal duality.
Keywords: santé mentale, jeunes, offre de services, accessibilité, contexte linguistique minoritaire, mental health, youth, offer of services, accessibility, linguistic minority context
-
8534.More information
There has been growing momentum in academic research in Spain on the social and cooperative economy. Since the late 1980s, the number of researchers working in this field has grown, and a research network has developed. The authors first examine the process by which research becomes institutionalized through the “research-education-innovation” system. As the Spanish experience shows, these developments foster new research, its dissemination and motivate researchers to work in the field. The article then presents the state of research on the social economy in Spain by listing the researchers on the social economy and the dissertations defended in Spanish universities. The article thus shows the main topics and areas of research, how interest in the different parts of the social economy has evolved in the last thirty years, and which universities have produced the most research. The study is introduced by Edith Archambault, who draws a parallel with the research on the social economy in other countries such as France and Canada.
-
8536.More information
AbstractWe will examine two novels by Nancy Huston – Les variations Goldberg and Histoire d'Omaya – comparing composition strategies used in the former, characterized by rigid, tighly woven prose, with the seemingly contrasting fragmented structures of the latter. We will attempt to bring out the similarities and differences between these two works while examining how, in this author's work, the fictional tale spreads forth in the telling, as opposed to being told in linear fashion. We will then examine some of the innovative methods that the writer uses, while seeking to determine whether these composition strategies are successful in eliciting and maintening the interest of readers who are thus called upon to play an active role in (re)constructing and (re)creating these tales by Nancy Huston.
-
8537.More information
The article considers the evolution of female protagonists throughout the Star Wars saga and questions their growing visibility in terms of female leadership. Using the theoretical frame proposed by Durand regarding the anthropological structures of fairy tales and legends, this article analyzes the emancipating process of the saga heroines from patriarchal institutions and religious oppression. Affirmed through individual trajectories, feminist scope of the saga is marked by a differentialist vision as leadership is asserting itself as a female characteristic.
Keywords: femmes et cinéma, pouvoir, rapports de genre, science-fiction, stéréotypes
-
8538.More information
This article addresses the way mass suburbanization was marketed to Montrealers in the 1950s and 1960s. By analyzing advertisements for newly-built single-family homes in Anglophone and Francophone newspapers, I seek to better understand the evolution of marketing strategies and the structuring of their underlying suburban ideal. The analysis allows me not only to shed light on what constitutes the ideal-typical publicity for this period, but also to observe how the discourses and strategies were complexified over the years and converged between both linguistic groups, at least in their content.
-
8539.More information
Although environmental history is undeniably a booming and growing branch of the field, it is still seldom applied to New France, even if some research exists that could contribute to it. This article aims at reviewing the works already released concerning the period, either incorporated in wide, diachronic studies or focusing on French America and the spaces composing it. The accounts on the latter often deal with the various ways in which Europeans worked with and adapted to the American environment. This narrative could be fleshed out and made more nuanced by connecting the environmental history of New France to other American, Atlantic or French spaces. Last but not least, the environmental approach is a way to challenge the traditional narratives of colonial history through specific methodologies and new disciplinary, geographical, and chronological boundaries.