Documents found
-
8871.More information
Global changes have detrimental consequences on the conditions of life in Sahelian countries. The experience of the village of Koumbili (Burkina Faso), documented through a participatory rural appraisal (PAR) conducted in 2005, brings a concrete understanding of how actual climatic and political changes can bring about human behaviours that jeopardize the integrity of fragile ecosystem. The case of Koumbili also allows an outlook on various mechanisms which aim at strengthening local sustainable management and local organization capacities in the region considered.PAR revealed that the exploitation of the village's natural resources has intensified markedly, due to the rising of the population. A large part of the latter resulted from migrations related to the drying out of neighbouring regions and from displacements related to the Ivory Coast's crisis. Conservation of land production potential and access to water, have thus become the cause of tensions and conflicts in the village populations. This issue can be addressed by enhancing village associations with educational institutions.Universities have an important role to play in this process, and more precisely in sustainable development and in community-based social innovation. This is the rational behind the institutional reinforcement partnership between Université de Moncton and Université de Ouagadougou. The present case study derives from this partnership. Its aim is to reinforce the pertinence and the impact of university teaching and research on local communities. It is based on interdisciplinarity and wishes to bring the university “closer” to rural communities in order to develop mutual learning and long-lasting interactions, in order to build the capacities of organisation and action at the local level.
Keywords: Burkina Faso, changements globaux, communautés villageoises, développement local durable (gestion des terroirs), rôle des universités, renforcement des capacités, évaluation rurale participative, terroir de Koumbili, Burkina Faso, global changes, village communities, local sustainable development (local management), role of the university, capacity building, participatory rural appraisal, land of Koumbili
-
8872.More information
Innovation studies in SMEs has been interested for long time by the place and role of networks. In these studies, everything happens as if all the relations were possible and also likely. Yet, nothing is more inaccurate : all the relations do not have the same probability to exist and networks are also structured and hierarchical. In networks analysis, this classic observation sends back to the principle of homophily ; principle according to which people or organizations tend to form connections with others who are similar to them in social or organizational characteristics. From an exploratory research based on interviews with entrepreneurs and managers of firms working in the industry of clean technologies, we will see how the principle of homophily turns out to be necessary in the understanding of, on one hand, the existence of the relations observed in the innovation's activities of SMEs, and on the other, their capacity to give access to the resources which the SMEs need in their innovation's projects.
Keywords: PME, Technologies propres, Innovation, Réseaux, Homophilie, SME, Clean technologies, Innovation, Networks, Homophily, PyME, Tecnologías limpias, Innovación, Redes, Homofilia
-
-
8874.
-
8875.
-
-
8877.More information
In this article, we will sketch a historical portrait of the video game sector in Quebec, both on the geographical plane (from Montreal to Quebec City through Trois-Rivières and other off-centred studios) and for different firm types (from the large studios to independent developers and amateurs). This historical overview will shed light on the challenges and characteristics of this sector which straddles both the technology and cultural industries in three stages : 1) the explorations of amateur entrepreneurs and enthusiasts; 2) the colonisation by large foreign firms and the injection of foreign capital which stimulated industry growth; 3) the structuration of independent developers (notably with La Guilde du jeu video du Québec) and the post-fission transition to a sustainable development of the sector. Our overview will cover the factual aspects of the industry, issues of contents and creative processes, and the challenges of achieving cultural sovereignty in a business sector based on liberalized markets, the free flow of capital, and a dematerialized digital economy.
Keywords: Jeu vidéo, Industrie, Histoire, Économie, Video game, Industry, History, Economy
-
-
-
8880.More information
The article’s main objective is to propose an analytical framework that develops the understanding of work-life challenges that may emerge from a work-life harmonization program. The results are based on a qualitative analysis of self-diagnostics of work-life harmoniszation made by 84 health-care managers who work under pressure. The content analysis shows a detailed portrait of everyday work-life problems experienced by health-care managers. It also portrays the strategies mobilized by theses managers to resolve some personal work-life conflicts. This article aims to contribute to existing literature by offering a typology of 5 types of strategies – management, care, legitimation, overload reduction, and temporal – by which managers tried to create and maintain work-life balance. The efficacy of these strategies is discussed and illustrated with prototypical cases.
Keywords: Harmonisation travail-vie personnelle, conflit travail vie-personnelle, équilibre de vie, stratégies, gestion des rôles de vie