Documents found
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1951.More information
This article adopts a historical and literary perspective in examining the treatment of biological evolution when it is subjected to religious representations that are underpinned by a political agenda. Theoretical reference is made to Foucault's understanding of power-knowledge relationships, which is combined with an approach aimed at fostering the “enjoyment of knowledge” as developed by Astolfi (2010). This approach was tested with three groups of Tunisian secondary students by holding tests followed by discussions with a scientist, and then analyzing the resulting discursive data through the lens of the “microphysics” of power. The results suggest the contributions, but also the limitations, of the processes that were implemented.
Keywords: évolution biologique, lycéens tunisiens, relation pouvoir-savoir, plaisir du savoir, assujettissement, biological evolution, Tunisian secondary students, power-knowledge relationships, enjoyment of knowledge, subjection, evolución biológica, estudiantes tunecinos de liceos, relaciones podersaber, placer del saber, asujeción
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1952.More information
Professionals in France and Switzerland work with diverse populations (age, socioeconomic status, language, ethnicity, health, etc.). A number of studies support the idea that intercultural sensitivity is linked to psychological characteristics. A longitudinal study (2016-2019) was conducted with 202 occupational therapy and social work students in France and Switzerland. During the first and third years of their program, the students filled out a questionnaire on acculturation orientations in the host community, adult attachment and multicultural identity. Very little significant change was noted between the two time points. Regression analyses highlighted psychological variables to consider when examining types of relationships with others, namely open-mindedness, anxiety management, cultural empathy, flexibility and significant lived intercultural experiences.
Keywords: diversité, caractéristiques psychologiques, ergothérapie, travail social, étudiant, diversity, psychological characteristics, occupational therapy, social work, student, diversidad, características psicológicas, ergoterapia (terapia ocupacional), trabajo social, estudiante
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1953.More information
This article summarizes a study that explored differences between first and second generation students on engagement, academic success, persistence and program language variables at Laurentian University in Sudbury. The study compared 514 first year students registered in French or English language programs with 54 % being first generation, 91,4 % Canadian citizens, 83,5 % Caucasian, and 73 % female.In this study, first generation students were older, predominantly female, registered in fewer courses and attended college in a higher proportion before going to university. More first generation students lived off campus and fewer intended to pursue their education beyond a master's degree. First and second generation students had comparable results on all but nine engagement variables of the 2014 NSSE survey. However, program language (English or French) revealed significant differences on 24 engagement variables between students enrolled in French or English language programs. Further, those registered in French language programs had successfully completed more credits. Surprisingly, the persistence variable did not show a significant difference between the groups raising questions about the variable utilized for this purpose.Seventy-six respondents provided written comments to the open questions about the quality of their university experience and made recommendations for the institution. The comments were grouped in nine categories, four pertaining to academic matters and five to student life. In general, the comments supported or expanded upon the quantitative findings. This convergence of opinion among the respondents suggests relatively comparable student experience and general satisfaction with the choice of institution.Overall, the study showed that engagement theory can point out differences between first and second generation students particularly when comparing students studying in French or English language programs in a bilingual setting. First and second generation students studying in French language programs were more engaged on a number of variables of the NSSE questionnaire than students studying in English.
Keywords: Étudiant de première génération, études postsecondaires, études universitaires, éducation, engagement dans les études, groupes sous-représentés, sciences humaines, sciences sociales, sociologie de l'éducation, interdisciplinarité, langue d'usage, First Generation Student, Post-Secondary Education, University Studies, Education, Student Engagement, Under-Represented Groups, Human Studies, Sociology of Education, Interdisciplinarity, Program Language
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1957.More information
The systemic perspective doesn't lead to oppose a structural or systemic conception to a more strategic approach. But on the contrary to relate them closely showing the interactions, the constraints and the interdependences which condition the different political choices, confine and progressively close the fields of possibilities. Much more than actor's intentions, these are the system's properties which determine its logic, its global dynamic and its effects. In this way we will successively look after the strategies of different national actors (Germany, France, Great-Britain, USSR, Belgium) in the triggering of the World War II, and the properties of the system related to the interactions and interdependences of actor's games. Finally, we will study the dynamic and effects of the system: the path of war.
Keywords: Jeux d'acteurs, système d'action complexe, propriétés et effets de système, Deuxième Guerre mondiale, relations internationales, Actors games, Complex Action System, Properties and Systemic Effects, Triggering of World War II, International Relations
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1959.
Les paradigmes de la revue Criminologie : auteurs, revues et disciplines qui ont marqué son histoire
More informationThis paper looks at whether Criminologie has been influenced by any particular intellectual position or positions through analysis of the 19,813 references cited in the papers it has published over the last 40 years. The most influential authors, journals, and disciplines are discussed in relation to the effect they might have had on the articles in which they are cited. The results show that the thinking that influenced those published in Criminologie was highly decentralized: we found no dominant authors or journals. The most cited authors and journals were those who understood how to diversify their research and capture the attention of a broad audience in different research traditions.
Keywords: Influences intellectuelles, citations, criminologie, Scholarly influence, citations, criminology, Influencias intelectuales, citaciones, criminología
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1960.More information
In this article, the concept of co-teaching is analyzed on its foundations and definitions. To do this, a systematic review of the writings published since this term first appeared was carried out. The various definitions identified were analyzed on the basis of the concept of device (Figari, 2008) and its components (Plante and Bouchard, Tremblay, 2012b). The analysis shows that co-teaching has two main foundations that distinguish it from traditional/regular education: an educational basis and an inclusive basis. The definitions have also been diversified and clarified. Indeed, the analysis of the definitions of co-teaching show differences and developments in terms of population, objectives/purposes and resources, while actions and space/time show more consistency. In short, co-teaching has different components, specifics (population, objectives, space/time, etc.) and a different quality of teaching.