Documents found
-
1971.More information
The professional situation is considered a major interface of practicum training, here conceived as a School of conjunction, a school where one learns to make links, a foundation for the engineering of professionalization. The notion of situation is here developed based on the study of a data corpus elaborated during an experience with a practicum training model centred on writing and the construction of the professional situation by a subject-actor-author of the situation, in interaction with others, in the context of nurse training. The analysis and interpretation of data brings to light a complex and unique unit, constructed in the space-time of a professional practice, a process during which several states succeed one another. The critical moment in action characterizes this unit; it is central to the process, mobilizing reflection in action, internal deliberation, and action-related decision.
Keywords: alternance, complexité, processus, situation professionnelle subjective, moment critique dans l'action, practicum, complexity, process, subjective professional situation, critical moment in action
-
1972.More information
Interaction analysis opens promising perspectives for nursing education. Sixteen students and three teachers conducted an interaction analysis, based on video-recorded therapeutic activities. The study aims to understand the practice of self-disclosure in psychiatric nursing. How does the use of interaction analysis tools in a training setting constitute a resource for the acquisition of professional skills ? We show how this training design constitutes a resource for : a) the acquisition of clinical theoretical knowledge, b) the articulation of theoretical and practical knowledge, c) the development of a non-judging descriptive posture useful for the clinical observation.
Keywords: analyse interactionnelle, dévoilement de soi, formation, soins infirmiers, psychiatrie, interaction analysis, nursing, professional training, psychiatry, self-disclosure
-
1974.More information
In order to avoid the stigmatization of language practices inconsistent with the school linguistic model and to reduce linguistic insecurity of students, the course Parler acadien has been implemented in 2008, in a southeastern New Brunswick school in order to address the phenomenon of linguistic variation. From February to June 2012, I conducted a participant observation in this course and have been able to identify some linguistic representations relating to standard French, to English and to Chiac. This article aims to present the main ones.Through critical analysis of discourse, I will highlight some linguistic ideologies and how these languages appear to be instrumentalized. The research results show that the values assigned to the vernacular are still represented as less "prestigious" than the values underpinning the legitimacy of the dominant language.
Keywords: représentations linguistiques, idéologies linguistiques, Parler acadien, variation linguistique, instrumentalisation, linguistic representations, linguistic ideologies, Parler acadien, linguistic variation, instrumentalization
-
1975.More information
This paper discusses how theories of definition and probabilistic theories of categorization could help distinguish between translation and (literary film) adaptation, and eventually between translation (TS) and (literary film) adaptation studies (LFAS). Part I suggests readopting the common parlance definition of “translation” as the accurate rendition of the meaning of a verbal expression in another natural language, and “adaptation” as change that leads to better fit. Readopting these common parlance definitions entails categorical implications. The author discusses three parameters: whereas “translation” represents an invariance-oriented, semiotically invested, cross-lingual phenomenon, “adaptation” refers to a variance-oriented phenomenon, which is not semiotically invested, and entails better fit. Part II discusses how theories of categorization could help distinguish between TS and LFAS. The study of the disciplinarization of knowledge involves epistemic and socio-political conditioners. This section concludes that medium specificity, i.e., the linguistic versus lit-film paradigm, plays a major role in separating TS from LFAS. Another player that deserves more attention is the Romantic as opposed to the Classicist value system.
Keywords: translation, adaptation, categorization, disciplinarization, epistemology, traduction, adaptation, catégorisation, disciplinarisation, épistémologie
-
1976.More information
In recent years, attention to metaphor has grown in translation studies. However, research mostly focusses on the interlingual translation of metaphors or on recurring metaphors for translational activity at a given moment in history. This article, in contrast, seeks to provide a detailed analysis of one single metaphorical extension (the one that links translation with the concept of game, or play) and its occurrence in contemporary theories of translation. After a discussion of the concepts of “metaphor” and “analogy,” this contribution presents a selection of theoretical works that, in the context of so-called “scientific” translation studies, have linked games and translation. These works have been divided into three categories: translation as play/game, translation as a specific type of game, “playful” translation of “playful” texts and wordplay. After presenting these data, we will attempt to analyse them in order to answer the following question: how can visions that are very different from each other co-exist under the same basic formulation, i.e., the predicative metaphor “translation is a (type of) play/game”?
Keywords: métaphore, analogie, jeu, traductologie, metaphor, analogy, game, play, translation theory
-
1977.More information
The ground of analysis of this article is the metropolis of Lyon and more specifically aquatic urban gardens of The Confluence project. This article concerns the question of urban habitability. We will wonder on the evaluative indicators in urban nature and try to determine an assessment grid of the urban projects. All the complexity of an evaluative approach lies in the criteria of choice of indicators, in particular when the object of study shows itself unstable spatially and temporarily.
Keywords: habitabilité urbaine, nature en ville, évaluation, projet urbain, urban habitability, urban nature, assessment, urban project
-
1978.More information
The career of the problem of nuclear waste management (NWM) is characterized by a major shift in the way decisions are made. The formulation of a technical solution does not appear to be sufficient anymore. Regulators need to address both the technical and the “societal aspects” of NWM. Subsequently, one observes the rising of a new consensus, namely that these “societal aspects” can only be properly handled by mobilizing the expertise of the social scientists. Collaboration between nuclear and social scientists is therefore called upon as a way to improve NWM. Based on a critical review of the literature available on the role of social scientists in the governance of nuclear technology, informed by an ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Belgium between 2009 and 2012, this article analyses the different roles that social scientists can actually play and the different ways through which their expertise can be mobilized for managing the “societal aspects” of NWM. Three conclusions can be drawn. First, we point out the existence of a seminal controversy (going back to the late 40's) opposing sociologists and nuclear engineers regarding their respective responsibilities in the handling of the “societal aspects” of nuclear technologies. Secondly, the analysis of that controversy shows that two different normative framings – two different world views – emerge from the critics developed by the social scientists. These normative framings can be used to understand the frequent discrepancy existing between the expectations of nuclear experts and social scientists regarding their respective roles in decisional processes and management operations. Finally, three ideal-typical modes of engagement for social scientists are constructed that could be used in further research for studying and understanding actual situations of collaboration in NWM.
Keywords: Déchets, radioactifs, expertise, sciences sociales, participation, controverse, aspects sociaux des technologies, mobilisation des savoirs, nuclear waste management, expertise, social sciences, participation, controversy, societal aspects of technology, knowledge mobilization
-
1979.More information
Between business and social uses of the word terroir and the corresponding meanings, a variety of mental representations of the word creates the difficulty in mobilizing among researchers and trainers. The transdisciplinary analysis proposed in this paper aims to identify better understanding and to identify the potential of this concept for research, development and training. The concept of terroir has been characterized by a multi-referentiality: on the one hand an object representing a local and cultural productive system, on the other hand a project of a community whose goals are subjective. This multi-referentiality gives some potentiel for the concept about (i) mediation in development projects in rural areas, (ii) interdisciplinary training of agronomists.
Keywords: terroir, transdisciplinarité, concept opératoire, développement des territoires, terroir, transdisciplinary, operating concept, development of territories