Documents found
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2201.More information
Research on Law and Justice from the perspective of the social sciences illuminates the very nature of law itself as a method of knowledge production and, in particular, as a way of thinking. Recent publications on the subject reveal an unresolved tension between Justice and fairness. This tension is implicit in the equivocal relationship between judges and researchers. This uneasy relationship is a product of the distinct nature of two separate missions. One is based on the quest for legal truth, the other on the pursuit of an empiric understanding of the world. While Law prefers to impose definitions on an orderly certain world, the social sciences, on the other hand, acknowledge the ambiguity of their definitions of the legal world. Two distinct conflicting knowledge modes are at play here. The quest for certainty is at odds with the uncertainty of academic conjecture. Thus, the activities of judges and those of researchers are two distinct worlds in terms of their epistemology. This also holds true for Justice viewed as a social practice. While the legal reconstruction of the world is a necessity for arbitration, researchers are primarily interested in the concrete workings of the decision-making process. Thus, the need to be reasonable which binds judges is placed in an empirical context. The judge is seen as an actor in a specific semiotic context; the courts are a “bodyˮ; the trial is the site of relationships between specific participants (judges, attorneys, laypersons). An abstract and idealistic vision of Justice is thus opposed to Justice viewed as a social construct. Thus, a mutual separation, required of both judges and researchers, both binds them together and keeps them apart.
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2209.More information
Keywords: corps, texte, textualité, dramaturgie, interdisciplinarité
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2210.More information
AbstractWhile the role of various individual and collective agents were indeed pivotal, the institutionalization of criminology as an autonomous discipline in Quebec cannot be understood without embracing the important transformations that occurred in both intellectual and socio-political circles of the last century. The emergence of this discipline took place within an expansive context marked by the differentation of social sciences in the province, fundamental state reforms, and changes within the socio-penal sphere. This article is divided is two parts. In the first part, the emergence of criminology as a separate and specialized field during the 1940s and 1950s is analyzed. The second part pursues the institutionalization process into the 1960s and 1970s and highlights the development of the University of Montreal's Department of criminology and, in its later form, the School of criminology.