Documents found
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2301.More information
This article offers a re-reading of collaborative practices as a new approach to recognizing the concept of "being together and working together" in the field of children's mental health. Our objective is theoretical, not empirical, and our main objective is to spark reflective thinking with respect to collaborative practices, beginning with social services as a discipline based on egalitarian exchange, i.e. providing leverage for joint action by the professions at the child's bedside. We are also suggesting a pause that will allow us dispense with current dogma and review these concepts as child-centered collaborative practices. The article contains four subdivisions, each one with different objectives. Initially we will be looking at children's mental health as a field to be defined within a theoretical area and offering essentially collaborative practice. The second subdivision has allowed us to explore a new semantic approach to the concepts of collaboration and partnership. The third part presents the social service as an interface in the issue of child-centered collaborative practices. The fourth part illustrates collaborative work by structuring the framework of procedural practice within the field of children's mental health.
Keywords: Collaboration, service social, pratiques collaboratives, santé mentale de l'enfant, travail en réseaux, Collaboration, social services, collaborative practices, children's mental health, social networks
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2302.More information
During the last years, academic research in finance has studied small and medium-sized enterprises with mixed success. In this article devoted to entrepreneurial finance, we return to the origins of the currents of scientific thought, at the root of financial knowledge, in order to detect eventual inadequacies to the object of our study, and consequently, in order to reorient efforts in theoretical as well as empirical research.Using large firms as reference, modern financial theory, in pure or amended form, often turns out to be incapable to take into account the managerial specificities of small and medium-sized enterprises. We illustrate in this article the limited analytical range of application of the paradigms or methodologies which are traditionally used. According to us, the theory of the firm, because of its particular role in relation to economic science, represents the corner-stone of any significant advance in the application of models to small and medium-sized enterprises. In particular, the notions of competence and experience of the entrepreneur active on markets characterized by a constant disequilibrium ought to replace the less realistic hypotheses of rational behavior based on the maximization of profits at equilibrium. Finally, in an ultimate enlargement of our field of investigation, we analyze the credibility of an exclusively financial study of small and medium-sized enterprises and the possible contribution of some scientific disciplines rarely used in management science.Our study is intended above all to reveal, but also to integrate, the natural hierarchy of the concepts which are at the basis of the development of entrepreneurial finance.
Keywords: Recherche universitaire en finance, Finance entrepreneuriale, Théorie financière moderne, Théorie de la firme, Modélisation de la PME, Compétence et expérience de l'entrepreneur, Disciplines scientifiques peu conventionnelles en sciences de gestion
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2303.More information
With the rise of environmental concerns and the advent of the precautionary principle, disaster risk reduction has become a central issue in public policy. In this context, researchers and operators of monitoring networks of telluric phenomena are increasingly called upon by the authorities and the general public to intervene as experts. However, the transition from the practice of research to the situation of expertise is not without difficulty. In that respect, the case of volcanic risk in the Lesser Antilles arc is particularly revealing given the highly variable spatio-temporal scales that characterize it, the numerous actors spanning the entire spectrum of society, the intrinsic and considerable epistemic and aleatory uncertainties, its low recurrence rate compared to other risks, but also the considerable chain-link specificity of its impacts that can significantly effect small vulnerable island states embedded in the legacy of a complex history, regional, and international context. One of the difficulties—rarely addressed by researchers acting as experts and by researchers studying expertise situations—is the fragmentation of disciplines into different specialties. This issue can only be tackled by transcending traditional disciplinary boundaries. This article, written jointly by researchers in political science and in Earth sciences, illustrates how knowledge of the epistemological tensions that underlie Earth sciences can contribute to enriching the analysis of public action on the issue of risk management. Our reflection is illustrated by two case studies: the crisis associated with the phreatic eruption of La Soufriere in Guadeloupe (in 1976), and the crisis associated with the magmatic eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano of Montserrat (1995-ongoing). It reveals that the tools mobilized by politists—like the concepts of expertise, controversies, instruments of public action or even epistemic communities—cannot fully capture the plurality of knowledge and know-how developed by experts facing intricate problems. This observation is not unique to volcanic risks. Most of the phenomena that threaten our societies today require, indeed, to take into account a complexity that goes well beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries. Getting out of the disciplinary isolation is difficult. This is evidenced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) experts' efforts over more than three decades to harmonize not only the contributions of different research communities but to articulate them to make them operational for international public policy. Yet, the analysis of public action can only enrich itself to make the bet of such a dialogue.
Keywords: réduction des risques de catastrophe, expertise, risque volcanique, politiques publiques, gestion de crise, disaster risk reduction, expertise, volcanic risk, public policies, crisis management
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2304.More information
This essay examines the status of women artists directly or indirectly related to the Automatist Movement in Quebec during the 1940s. Some of these women were signatories of the group's notorious Refus global (1948) manifesto, which marked a turning point in radical modern thought in Quebec. The author first recontextualizes the contribution of women artists to the art vivant milieu during the inter-war years; she then discusses an important aspect of radical modernity (avant-garde) as represented by the Automatists (1942-54): the plurality of disciplines and the trans-disciplinary practice, characteristic of nearly all the women artists involved in this movement. In conclusion, she offers an analysis of the significance of the signing of the Refus global for women artists: had they not done so, most of them would not be recognized as part of the history of this artistic and literary avant-garde movement, let alone the history of art in general.This study reveals the extent to which avant-garde activity relies on theoretical thought and writing to become a part of history. That few women have made their mark in artistic avant-garde movements has been attributed, in part, to the fact that they have written little, if at all. The same would no doubt be true of the women artists discussed here had they not signed their name to the Refus global. A number of them would undoubtedly have been acclaimed even without this signatory consecration, but recognition would have come at a later date and in another context.
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2305.More information
AbstractThis article attempts to verify and evaluate the importance of certain errors and the improvement of students' linguistic performance using a process of observation and analysis of the function of spatial reference. Following a lexical examination of spatial reference, the author notes that the analysis of occurrences could lead to an understanding of students' productions as well as the adoption of didactic approaches to improve language mastery. This research contributes to studies of strategies and productions of students of French, as a non-mother tongue language, specifically in Cameroon where questions regarding the teaching of French are gaining importance.
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2306.More information
AbstractThis paper is presenting the birth and the development of clinical criminology at the School of Criminology of Louvain-la-Neuve University, since its creation in 1929. More precisely, it is centered on the growth of a clinical criminology based on phenomenology and it studies the development of this particular field until the end of the 20th century. The article analyses some of the aspects of the career and work of Étienne De Greeff (1898-1961). Next, it presents the clinical work realized in prison by a multidisciplinary team. It shows how Christian Debuyst rethought the direction of clinical criminology considering the development of the social sciences and politics of oppression. The article then demonstrates how, with Jean Kinable's work, psychoanalysis enriched this inheritance. At last, it concludes on the importance, for criminology, of maintaining a dialectical way of thinking that aims at a systematic and open-minded comprehension of phenomenons that can only be known through human intersubjectivity.
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2307.More information
For some years, theatre studies in Québec have been the locus of multiple tensions and debates, partly resulting from their specific geographical and cultural location between Europe and North America. This study is intended to define the discipline's epistemological landscape in Québec by examining a corpus of writings from three academic communities on the issue of modernity. Having considered the treatment of this question by scholars from Québec, Canada, and the United States, we attempt to describe how theatre studies have evolved as a research area since they were established in the 1980s, and to identify the challenges they face in a context of disappearing boundaries between disciplines and erosion of the theatre as a shared reference in Québec culture.
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2308.More information
SummaryThis article proposes an analysis of the teaching-learning processes presented in three textbooks published in accordance with the new Quebec social sciences program. The results are compared to the teaching-learning-processes conveyed by the preceding program in order to bring to light elements of both continuity and change. The results show that the passage from a program based on objectives to a program based on the competency approach has generated little change. The textbooks remain attached to a model of presentation and transmission of knowledge, offering little for the student to develop a system for interpreting different realities and their socio-spatial dynamics.
Keywords: manuel scolaire, sciences humaines, enseignement primaire, démarche d'enseignement-apprentissage, approche par compétences, textbooks, social sciences, teaching-learning process, competency approach, primary education, libro de texto, ciencias humanas, educación primaria, proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, enfoque por competencias
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2309.More information
This paper tries to justify and apply a climate ethics based on the interests of the consumers and producers. First, I explain why climate change creates an important problem of motivation; then, I show how incentives can at least partially solve it ; finally, I develop two different ways to institutionalize an ethics of incentives. The first market mechanism I propose is an international carbon tax increasing gradually the cost of carbon dioxide emissions, a climate policy that should be linked to subsidies for the research, development and deployment of renewable energies. The second mechanism is a cap-and-trade system, whose aim is also to disincentivize the use of fossil fuels and to incentivize the use of other sources of energy. The overall objective is to show that a climate ethics addressing the problem of motivation is more efficient than an approach dealing only with the moral duties consumers and producers have to mitigate their emissions.
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2310.More information
Research Framework: In 1999, Montreal's Sainte-Justine University Hospital created a pediatric palliative care (PPC) service that was gradually deployed in all sectors of the hospital. A retrospective and critical research program aims to understand the evolution of practices and to pinpoint current issues. Objectives: This article presents a portrait of PPC in tertiary care settings in order to fuel reflection on the evolution of practices by identifying research priorities at the clinical, organizational and systemic levels. Methodology: A mixed methods approach is used for this research intervention. An archive database (1999-2021) and workshop proceedings (2021-2022) were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, conceptual analysis, and collective narration. Results: PPC interventions have increased over the year and then stabilized. The number of requests does not correlate with the number of deaths for a given area. Respondents described 10 central themes for PPC practice, training and research: (1) patient needs at the tertiary hospital setting, (2) pediatric specificities of palliative and end-of-life care, (3) child centredness, (4) pain and suffering or well-being and quality of life, (5) motivations and needs of caregivers, (6) interdisciplinary and interprofessional practices, (7) training and skills, (8) practice norms and indicators, (9) ethical and systemic dimensions of PPC, and (10) hope and high hopes. Conclusion: Conceptual, procedural, and educational tools are essential to improve quality and accessibility of care and PPC services. Contribution: We aim to contribute to the reflection on PPC by describing our perspective and by stimulating interactions among the various hospitals and communities involved.
Keywords: soins palliatifs, pédiatrie, espoir, accès aux soins, norme, interdisciplinarité, éthique, bien-être, maladie grave, meilleur intérêt de l'enfant, palliative care, pediatrics, hope, access to care, norm, interdisciplinarity, ethics, wellness, critical illness, best interests of the child, cuidados paliativos, esperanza, pediatría, acceso a los cuidados, normas, interdisciplinariedad, ética, bienestar, enfermedad grave, interés superior del niño