Documents found
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2451.More information
SummaryThis paper is an attempt to unravel the post-Fordist debate. This recurrent debate about the future of capitalism intensities during periods of crisis and transition. Three different perspectives on post-Fordism are identified and explored, each one evolving out of a particular tradition within classical political economy and stressing different driving forces in the historical development of capitalism. An underlying theme within the paper is the existence of significantly contrasting views about the openness of the new phase of capitalist development: disagreement over whether post-Fordism is primarily about the inevitable diffusion of a new and pervasive disciplining of labour or the formation of strategic initiatives and the making of history.
Keywords: post-fordisme, crises, transition, capitalisme, économie politique, post-Fordism, crisis, transition, capitalism, political economy, posfordismo, crisis, transición, capitalismo, economía política
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2452.More information
Global changes have detrimental consequences on the conditions of life in Sahelian countries. The experience of the village of Koumbili (Burkina Faso), documented through a participatory rural appraisal (PAR) conducted in 2005, brings a concrete understanding of how actual climatic and political changes can bring about human behaviours that jeopardize the integrity of fragile ecosystem. The case of Koumbili also allows an outlook on various mechanisms which aim at strengthening local sustainable management and local organization capacities in the region considered.PAR revealed that the exploitation of the village's natural resources has intensified markedly, due to the rising of the population. A large part of the latter resulted from migrations related to the drying out of neighbouring regions and from displacements related to the Ivory Coast's crisis. Conservation of land production potential and access to water, have thus become the cause of tensions and conflicts in the village populations. This issue can be addressed by enhancing village associations with educational institutions.Universities have an important role to play in this process, and more precisely in sustainable development and in community-based social innovation. This is the rational behind the institutional reinforcement partnership between Université de Moncton and Université de Ouagadougou. The present case study derives from this partnership. Its aim is to reinforce the pertinence and the impact of university teaching and research on local communities. It is based on interdisciplinarity and wishes to bring the university “closer” to rural communities in order to develop mutual learning and long-lasting interactions, in order to build the capacities of organisation and action at the local level.
Keywords: Burkina Faso, changements globaux, communautés villageoises, développement local durable (gestion des terroirs), rôle des universités, renforcement des capacités, évaluation rurale participative, terroir de Koumbili, Burkina Faso, global changes, village communities, local sustainable development (local management), role of the university, capacity building, participatory rural appraisal, land of Koumbili
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2453.More information
This article examines the transition of learners in adult general education (“formation générale des adultes”, or “FGA”) who decide, after obtaining their high school diploma in this educational framework, to register in college programs. The ethnographic inquiry approach used for this research relies on Long's theoretical model (1989) and Bélanger's lifelong learning model (2011). On this rarely addressed subject, pedagogical expertise in the field is engaged in a co-construction process from an adult education perspective. The psychological, pedagogical, and andragogical issues at play show the significant commitment adult learners must make and the reconstructive path they have chosen to facilitate social integration. The need to create a bridge between FGA and the college environment is presented as a way to support the educational emancipation of adults in Quebec society.
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2455.More information
AbstractThrough the mechanism of pharmaceutical leakage from the medical sphere to drug markets, the ambivalent nature of molecules contributes to the multiple uses of medicines. This article examines diverted uses of Subutex® (high dose buprenorphine – HBD) – currently the most frequently used substitution treatment for opiate dependency in France – by injection drug users (IDUs) in Marseille. Following findings about the necessity of taking into account individual and contextual factors to understand drug trafficking and risky drug consumption, this study began with the working hypotheses that (1) diverted uses of HDB are integrated into pre-existing drug worlds; (2) geographic characteristics are implicated in the reconfiguration of these uses. Data collected through questionnaires on 62 UDI clients of automats for syringe exchange-recuperation in Marseille, a group little known to drug treatment programs, were explored in a series of multiple components analyses, resulting in two paradoxical effects. Diverted HDB appears to be integrated in a configuration of intensive drug use with risky practices characteristic of the very opiate (heroin) it is meant to replace. In a poor, de-industrialized area of Marseille, such uses are associated with the stabilisation of some IDUs, not through social reintegration in accordance with French health drug policy, but through marginal integration, by holding in abeyance a population of older users. Pharmaceutical leakage thus furnishes a heuristic tool for looking beyond the medical gaze and should be useful for better understanding medicines in general.
Keywords: fuitage pharmaceutique, traitement de substitution aux opiacés (TSO), buprénorphine haut dosage, usagers de drogue par voie intraveineuse (UDI), mondes de la drogue, contexte, pharmaceutical leakage, opiate dependance treatment, high dose buprenorphine, injection drug users (UDI), drug worlds, context, fuga farmacéutica, tratamiento de sustitución de opiáceos, buprenorfina a dosis altas (BDA), usuarios de droga por vía intravenosa (UDI), mundos de la droga, contexto
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2456.More information
While falling into the epistemological debate occurring in the systemic current between the functionalist school and the phenomenological supporters, this article does not intend to expand on the ideological biases of these two currents. This article presents the ecosystemic perspective as a magnifying glass to observe the relations between the actors involved in the field of a child's mental health, beyond these contexts. In the first part, we present some general considerations regarding the ecosystemic perspective through its seizure as an in-between of an epistemology that evolved from constructivist relativism to a behavioural determinism. The second part of this article focuses on the relevance of the use of the ecosystemic perspective in the study of relationships between the actors involved, by providing support to the children's mental health services. In the third part, we will attempt to define the notion of relationship from an ecosystemic perspective. The fourth part will be a review of the meeting places within the field of a child's mental health, taking the ecosystemic as an institutional and non-institutional issue. Finally, the fifth and final part will afford us the opportunity to de-compartmentalize the field of child mental health by illustrating the rational process of the relational ecosystem.
Keywords: Perspective écosystémique, relation, réseau, enfant, santé mentale, Ecosystemic perspective, relations, child, mental health
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2457.More information
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of experts, surveys and statistics was put at the forefront of the management of the health crisis in Quebec. This situation gives rise to fears of governance by experts (epistocracy) and by numbers (numerocracy). The analysis of the legislation and cases related to public health measures shows that it is complex to conclude to the existence of epistocracy and numeracy. This article proposes a legal framework for analyzing these normative phenomena, namely that of the law of governance. The law of governance offers another explanation for expertise and information, as these are understood as legitimizing data for decisions made during the health crisis. From this perspective, it is less about governance by experts and numbers, but more about governance with experts and numbers.
Keywords: Gouvernance, crise sanitaire, experts, sondages, statistiques, Governance, crisis health, experts, surveys, statistics
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2458.More information
The rising prevalence of chronic diseases, including those that are preventable, underlines important limitations of the healthcare perspectives commonly used. We argue that a better understanding of “prendre soin” (caring), which is not limited to medical or nursing procedures, nor to nursing science, is necessary to improve health practices and outcomes. “Prendre soin de la santé” or PSS (taking care of health or caring), which includes “prendre soin de soi” (taking care of oneself or self-care), is a concept broader than compliance to treatment and disease or health management. This paper aims at exploring the interest of PSS for healthcare. A literature review was conducted to examine the philosophical, theoretical and practical underpinnings of “prendre soin” in relation to other approaches, including caring, and current challenges. The proposed analysis is situated within the context of diabetic youth and their families' health care. For this particular situation and others, PSS carries possibilities for improving the assistance and quality of life of the persons affected and to foster prevention.
Keywords: Prendre soin, science du caring, autogestion de la santé, maladies chroniques, enfants et adolescents diabétiques et leurs familles, Caring, caring science, self-management of health, chronic diseases, diabetic youth and their families
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2459.More information
Psychosociological health is an issue of primary importance, notably in projectification. The link between psychosocial health and project management must thus be rethought beyond the traditional models. This article is a theoretical reflection on the little-explored link. To support this reflection, we propose an integration, from a pragmatic view, of the two theoretical domains leading to defining three proposals expressing the reflexive relationship between organizational practices in project management, psychosocial performance and psychosociological health. Project management impacts and a research schedule conclude our contribution.
Keywords: projectification, pratiques organisationnelles en gestion de projet, salutogénèse, pragmatisme, santé psychosociologique
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2460.More information
This article aims to question the epistemological constraints of producing a scientific legal discourse by mobilizing notions from the Law and Literature movement. By raising the issues relating to the normativity of doctrinal discourse, the proposed approach places emphasis, in the first part, on the reflexivity of jurists in relation to their own discourse and considers literary means, such as the reformulation of the contract of reading, in order to produce a doctrinal discourse conscious of its own unthoughts. The second part consists of an exercise in the application of literary methods to notions of rental, in Quebec civil law, thanks to a “pataphysical” conception of legal science, in the wake of the work of the author Alfred Jarry.
Keywords: Science juridique, Juridical science, théorie du droit, theory of law, pataphysique, pataphysics, louage, lease, droit civil, civil law