Documents found
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601.More information
AbstractThis paper compares criminal courtroom interpretation in present-day Toronto with eighteenth-century London. Eighteenth-century London, like Toronto, was home to a large immigrant population, and faced similar challenges. This article argues that expedience was the most important factor in shaping eighteenth-century criminal courtroom interpretation. The right to an interpreter is now a constitutional and common law right. Modern defendants enjoy greater protections, such as the developments of the presumption of innocence, the law of evidence, and the right to legal counsel. However, the attitudes of many Anglophone trial participants remain unchanged and negatively affect defendants who use interpreters.
Keywords: criminal law, history of interpretation, right to interpreter, quality of interpretation, London, droit criminel, histoire de l'interprétation, le droit à un interprète, la qualité de l'interprétation, Londres
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602.More information
AbstractThis paper explores the architecture of the Mount Sinai Sanatorium in Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts (Qc) to disentangle the role of religion in the treatment of tuberculosis. In particular, we analyze the design of Mount Sinai, the jewel in the crown of Jewish philanthropy in Montreal, in relation to that of the nearby Laurentian Sanatorium. While Mount Sinai offered free treatment to the poor in a stunning, Art Deco building of 1930, the Protestant hospital had by then served paying patients for more than two decades in a purposefully home-like, Tudor-revival setting. Using architectural historian Bernard Herman's concept of embedded landscapes, we show how the two hospitals differed in terms of their relationship to site, access, and, most importantly, to city, knowledge, and community. Architects Scopes & Feustmann, who designed the Laurentian hospital, operated an office at Saranac Lake, New York, America's premier destination for consumptives. The qualifications of Mount Sinai architects Spence & Goodman, however, derived from their experience with Jewish institutions in Montreal. Following Herman's approach to architecture through movement and context, how did notions of medical therapy and Judaism intersect in the plans of Mount Sinai?
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603.More information
This article explores the intellectual role played by Claude Ryan in a key cultural shift that occurred in Quebec's Catholic Action between 1945 and 1958. Influenced by new currents of Catholic theology and American social psychology, Ryan sought to move the organization from a preoccupation with social reform, dominated by the “labour question” in which youth was defined as a separate class in modern society, to a more psychological concern with clashing religious and cultural mentalities, centred on Quebec's rising middle class. In so doing, Ryan discerned a powerful vector of secularization, but remained hopeful that his contemporaries would find, in a more spiritually-conscious Catholicism, the cultural resources by which to navigate what he identified as the “adolescent crisis” of French Canada.
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604.More information
AbstractDuring the Romantic period, it became possible to transform authorship into celebrity through a process of what might be termed ‘spectacularisation'. Verbal and visual representations of certain writers as private individuals, which often appeared in the periodical press, helped to mark them out within a massively competitive literary marketplace and provided their readers with a sense of intimate connection. This article considers this process in relationship to the women writers depicted in William Maginn's “Gallery of Illustrious Literary Characters” (Fraser's Magazine, 1830-36). In particular, I argue that the 1836 article ‘Regina's Maids of Honour' is crucial for understanding not only how the “Gallery's” mixed rhetoric of chivalry and prurience operates both to restrict and expose its female subjects, but also Maginn's intense self-consciousness about this process. Throughout, he conflates references to his subjects' works with descriptions of their looks, thereby ensuring that their public lives as writers cannot be separated from the inspection of their bodies by a masculine observer. Although “Regina's Maids of Honour” places women writers in a genteel domestic setting, Maginn offers male readers a frisson of scandalous excitement with sexualized portrayals of those – Caroline Norton, Letitia Landon, and Marguerite Blessington – whose lifestyles challenged the strict boundaries of domestic propriety.
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607.More information
John Sigismund Szapolyai, also known as John II, who was elected King of Hungary and later become the first Prince of Transylvania (1570–71), was heavily influenced in the last years of his life by the two Unitarian thinkers Giorgio Biandrata and Ferenc Dávid. In 1571, Unitarianism even became the fourth religion to enjoy full civil rights in Transylvania, which meant it was considered equal to Catholicism, Lutheranism, and Calvinism in the eyes of the law. Although John II’s successors were all Catholic in the last three decades of the sixteenth century and Calvinist in the seventeenth, the Unitarians flourished up until the 1580s and held great influence in the country until the 1630s. This article assesses the involvement of this community in the political and diplomatic life of Renaissance Transylvania, in order to understand the representations and perceptions of the Unitarians in relation to monarchical power along the frontier between Christendom and the Ottoman Empire during the Wars of Religion.
Keywords: Unitariens, Antitrinitariens, Politique, Gouvernement, Principauté de Transylvanie
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608.More information
Philip Massinger’s The Duke of Milan (1621) clearly sits in the tradition of the Elizabethan and Jacobean Italianate tragedy and is resonant of stories, ideas, theories, and characters from Italian history and its literary tradition. This essay discusses the play as one of the earliest examples of Massinger’s interest in Italy and its culture. It investigates the play’s Italian setting and examines the influence of the Italian cultural and political legacy to offer new insights into the development of Anglo-Italian relations and England’s home and religious politics in the early 1620s.
Keywords: Anglo-Italian, Massinger, Milan, Machiavelli, Guicciardini, Revenge tragedy, Sforza
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609.More information
In fashioning a response to the question “Who is my neighbour?” – which informs the subject of the symposium on “Theological Education in the Global Village of the 21st Century” – this essay explores the contributions of the Igbo theological anthropology of the neighbour. Igbo theological anthropology considers the neighbour, not simply as one with whom my home shares a boundary, but as one who finds refuge in my heart (onye agbataobim), that is, one with whom there is mutual dependence, vulnerability, and support. This relational understanding of the neighbour in Igbo theological anthropology further derives from the Igbo conception of the human person as “the beauty of life” (mmadụ), and the corresponding attitude of love, “the act of beholding” (ịfunanya), which the sight of, or rather, the encounter with every human person, ought to evoke. The article will outline the significance of these insights for theological education in our time. Such education, the essay argues, ought to take seriously again the fact that there is something irreducibly astonishing about the human person – each and every human being – regardless of geographical boundaries, physical proximity, as well as social, political, and economic connections.
Keywords: Onye agbataobim (my neighbour), mmadụ (beauty of life), ịfunanya (love), Igbo, theological anthropology, theological education
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