Documents found
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652.
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653.More information
Women rabbis have been depicted in fiction for close to fifty years. In the second decade and then in the beginning of the third decade of the twenty-first century over a dozen fictional women rabbis appear as central or important characters in novels, short stories, and on the silver screen. Most of them make their first appearance. This article takes note of the authors of these works, and then looks at the characters themselves, contrasting their “fictional” experiences with the published experiences of “real-life” women rabbis. It discusses these fictional women rabbis in terms of their theology/sense of tradition; religious/educational backgrounds; gender identification; and where that information is dealt with in the storyline, how these women address some of the challenges facing women rabbis such as dressed for success; pay inequity; and matters of sexual harassment. This is followed by a section on how women regard success in the rabbinate. A caveat: the real-lived experiences of women rabbis, their definitions of success and their joys/concerns/issues/disquiets are not necessarily the subjects that concern writers of fiction that feature women rabbis as characters.
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654.More information
Around 1489–90, during the period of his service for the house of Bentivoglio, Giovanni Sabadino degli Arienti wrote the Gynevera de le clare donne, a catalogue containing thirty-three lives of exemplary women, for Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, Giovanni II’s wife and counsellor. Even though throughout his work Sabadino insists on the virtues and perfection of his addressee, chroniclers wrote extensively about Ginevra’s cruelty, wrath, and vindictive personality as well as her unfaithfulness towards her first husband. Although all these features clearly contrast with the behaviours of the women included in the Gynevera, the perfection of the first of the protagonists of the book, Theodelinda of Bavaria, is constructed by Sabadino through allusion to a series of characteristics exactly opposed to those that the contemporary chroniclers attributed to Ginevra. In this article, I study Sabadino’s biography of Theodelinda as a paradigm of perfect woman and ruler, comparing it to the features that, according to fifteenth- and sixteenth-century chroniclers, made Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio an imperfect wife and counsellor.
Keywords: Sabadino degli Arienti, Sabadino degli Arienti, Querelle des Femmes, Querelle des Femmes, Biographies Exemplaires, Exemplary Biographies, Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, Ginevra Sforza Bentivoglio, Théodelinde de Bavière, Theodelinda of Bavaria
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655.More information
The paradigm of the prisca theologia, developed by Marsilio Ficino in the second half of the fifteenth century, had a huge influence throughout the early modern period. Its influence on the Reformation debates, however, has not yet been investigated. In the present article, I make an initial contribution to filling this gap. In the first part, I show that theprisca theologia was widely disseminated in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of the sixteenth century, including at the University of Erfurt where Martin Luther was educated. In the second half, I focus on two figures central to the Reformation debates: Johann Eck and Martin Luther. As I show, Eck had an ambivalent attitude towards theprisca theologia: on the one hand, he aimed to reconcile the scholastic tradition with the ancient doctrines of theprisci theologi; on the other hand, he distanced himself from the Hermetic and magical implications of theprisca theologia. Luther, meanwhile, developed an anti-paradigm to Ficino’s prisca theologia: he argued that the improper mixing of black and white magic was born in Persia and then developed in Egypt and Greece.
Keywords: Prisca theologia, Marsilio Ficino, Martin Luther, Johann Eck, Hermeticism, Reformation
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656.More information
The relations of production in Deep South regions like the Mississippi Delta require a high degree of control over race and class configurations. While the overt, de jure White supremacy that marked the post-Reconstruction era allowed for effective repression of dissent, the promise of federal intervention and grassroots organizing during the years of the civil rights movement required White elites to recalibrate methods of control. By integrating theories of racialization of space, internal colonialism, and Althusser’s (2006) notion of the ideological state apparatus, I suggest that this transition from overt to implicit control was accomplished by creating a culture of neighborly surveillance in which everyday Whites were deputized to surveil and report on civil rights organizing at the grassroots level. By neighborly surveillance, I refer to surveillance between and amongst private citizens enacted outside the purview of the formal state but in the interest of the powerful elite who control the state. I document this process through analysis of the archives of the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission, an official state agency tasked with spying on and counteracting civil rights activity. These records demonstrate the extent to which non-state actors assumed the roles originally exercised by the de jure Jim Crow regime. Beyond augmenting understandings of the civil rights movement-era US South, this article contributes analytical insights to social and ideological transitions in other post-colonial, post-authoritarian spatial contexts.
Keywords: Post-Jim Crow, Mississippi Delta, ideological state apparatus, racialization of space, internal colonialism
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658.More information
After the Israel-Hamas war erupted in October 2023, McGill University in Montreal was one of many North American institutions where students set up encampments in what they described as solidarity with the Palestinian cause. Some have linked this phenomenon to prior student movements, such as those during the Vietnam War or Apartheid in South Africa. But the earliest demonstrations at McGill associated with the Arab-Israeli conflict occurred during Quebec’s Quiet Revolution (1960-1970), a time of significant upheaval in the province. This included unprecedented unrest at McGill: in 1969, ten thousand people marched in “Operation McGill Francais,” a rally that was as much about the French language as it was about anti-colonial revolution. Focusing on this incident, a turning point in Quebec’s anti-imperialist movement, this paper considers the origins of Quebec-Palestine solidarity and analyzes the phenomenon’s impact on McGill–including its Jewish students. Understanding this historical context can shed light on the recent sensitivity of the Israel / Palestine debate at McGill and offer insight into the wider historiography of political tensions on university campuses.
Keywords: liberation-nationalism, solidarity, student radicalism, anti-imperialism, antisemitism, Zionism, anti-Zionism
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660.More information
Equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) is a leading framework for addressing social justice issues in Canadian higher education. After October 7, 2023, occurrences of antisemitic incidents have surged on campuses in Canada. Yet, antisemitism is often not included or minimally mentioned in the existing EDI frameworks. The task of the EDI policies and plans is to ensure equity, diversity, and inclusion for all historically, persistently, or systematically marginalized groups. We examine the ways in which current EDI policies and plans include antisemitism and Jewish identity, analyzing EDI policies and plans collected from 28 universities across Canada. The content analysis reveals three patterns: (a) marginalization of antisemitism, (b) construction of Jewishness as a religious identity, and (c) coupling of antisemitism and Islamophobia. We argue that, at a time of growing divisiveness, politicization, and misinformation, universities who are committed to EDI should create a truly inclusive campus for people from diverse backgrounds and positions.
Keywords: EDI, antisemitism, equity, antisémitisme, diversity, analyse des politiques, identité juive, and inclusion (EDI), higher education, policy, Jewish identity